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Robot Interaction Styles for Conversation Practice in Second Language Learning
International Journal of Social Robotics ( IF 4.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-06 , DOI: 10.1007/s12369-020-00635-y
Olov Engwall , José Lopes , Anna Åhlund

Four different interaction styles for the social robot Furhat acting as a host in spoken conversation practice with two simultaneous language learners have been developed, based on interaction styles of human moderators of language cafés. We first investigated, through a survey and recorded sessions of three-party language café style conversations, how the interaction styles of human moderators are influenced by different factors (e.g., the participants language level and familiarity). Using this knowledge, four distinct interaction styles were developed for the robot: sequentially asking one participant questions at the time (Interviewer); the robot speaking about itself, robots and Sweden or asking quiz questions about Sweden (Narrator); attempting to make the participants talk with each other (Facilitator); and trying to establish a three-party robot–learner–learner interaction with equal participation (Interlocutor). A user study with 32 participants, conversing in pairs with the robot, was carried out to investigate how the post-session ratings of the robot’s behavior along different dimensions (e.g., the robot’s conversational skills and friendliness, the value of practice) are influenced by the robot’s interaction style and participant variables (e.g., level in the target language, gender, origin). The general findings were that Interviewer received the highest mean rating, but that different factors influenced the ratings substantially, indicating that the preference of individual participants needs to be anticipated in order to improve learner satisfaction with the practice. We conclude with a list of recommendations for robot-hosted conversation practice in a second language.



中文翻译:

机器人交互方式在第二语言学习中的会话实践

基于语言咖啡馆主持人的互动方式,已经开发了四种与社交机器人Furhat互动的互动方式,其中Furhat在与两名同时语言学习者的口语对话练习中担任主持人。我们首先通过调查和记录三方语言咖啡馆风格对话的会话来调查人类主持人的交互风格如何受到不同因素(例如,参与者的语言水平和熟悉程度)的影响。利用这些知识,为机器人开发了四种不同的交互方式:依次依次询问一个参与者的问题(采访者);机器人谈论自己,机器人和瑞典,或询问有关瑞典的测验问题(叙述者);试图使参与者彼此交谈(主持人);并尝试建立平等参与的三方机器人-学习者-学习者互动(对话者)。进行了一项由32名参与者组成的用户研究,与机器人成对地进行了交谈,以调查机器人在不同维度上的行为后评估(例如,机器人的会话技巧和友善程度,实践价值)如何受到影响。机器人的交互方式和参与者变量(例如,目标语言的级别,性别,出身)。总的发现是,访调员的平均评分最高,但是不同因素对评分的影响很大,这表明需要提高个人对参与者的偏好,以提高学习者对练习的满意度。

更新日期:2020-04-21
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