The generation and management of wastes constitute today one of the major challenges of societies due not only to the huge amounts that are produced, but also to the need of implementing new treatments that can be more sustainable at an environmental level. The present work explored the production, management and policies adopted in the treatment of relevant typologies of solid wastes in Portugal, in particular, municipal solid wastes and construction and demolition wastes and sewage sludge, and tried to quantify the energetic potential that can be achieved through gasification processes. In addition, a techno-economic study to evaluate the feasibility of the construction and operation of a small-scale gasification plant was also developed. Results indicated that there are various methods which are considered more sustainable for the treatment of such wastes like bio-digestion, pyrolysis and gasification, and which may replace the current techniques of incineration or landfilling that are largely adopted but have caused a number of problems to communities and also to the environment. It was identified a huge potential to valorise these wastes to obtain electricity through gasification, since a significant portion of them are currently disposed of or eliminated in inadequate ways. The economic analysis revealed that it is possible to implement a small-scale gasification plant with financial viability and possible attractive economic results for investors. Construction of these units located in strategic points over the country may contribute for a more sustainable treatment and valorisation of solid wastes.

中文翻译：

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葡萄牙城市，建筑和拆除废物的管理：通过气化进行高能增值的未来前景

如今，废物的产生和管理构成了社会的主要挑战之一，这不仅是因为产生了大量的废物，而且还因为需要实施在环境水平上更具可持续性的新处理方法。本工作探讨了在处理葡萄牙相关固体废物类型（尤其是市政固体废物以及建筑和拆除废物和污水污泥）时所采用的生产，管理和政策，并试图量化可通过以下方法实现的能源潜力气化过程。此外，还开展了一项技术经济研究，以评估小型气化厂的建设和运营的可行性。结果表明，有多种方法被认为对诸如生物消化，热解和气化等废物的处理更具可持续性，并且可以取代目前已被广泛采用的焚烧或填埋技术，但这些技术已引起许多问题。社区以及环境。人们发现，这些废物具有巨大的潜力，可以通过气化来利用这些废物获得电力，因为目前有很大一部分废物以不适当的方式处置或消除。经济分析表明，有可能建立一个具有财务可行性并可能为投资者带来诱人的经济成果的小型气化厂。