The programmed cell death‐1 (PD‐1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) pathway is an important host immunosuppression mechanism. Soluble PD‐1 (sPD‐1) and PD‐L1 (sPD‐L1) expression regulates co‐inhibitory signals in autoimmune disorders. Here, we evaluated whether serum sPD‐1 and sPD‐L1 are involved in immune dysfunction and assessed its relationship with SLE. Blood samples were obtained from 130 patients with SLE and 44 healthy controls. Serum sPD‐1 and sPD‐L1 were tested by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Relevant immune parameters were analysed. Both serum sPD‐1 and sPD‐L1 were significantly higher in the SLE patients than in the controls. A series of severe disease clinical manifestations and laboratory features such as presence of decreased complement component 3, complement component 4 and SLEDAI >8 were associated with elevated sPD‐1 and sPD‐L1. Our study suggests that abnormal sPD‐1 and sPD‐L1 expression may be involved in the imbalance of immune regulation in SLE.

中文翻译：

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系统性红斑狼疮的血清可溶性程序性死亡-1（sPD-1）和可溶性程序性死亡配体1（sPD-L1）的水平：与活动和严重程度相关。

程序性细胞死亡-1（PD-1）/程序性细胞死亡配体1（PD-1）途径是重要的宿主免疫抑制机制。可溶性PD-1（sPD-1）和PD-L1（sPD-L1）表达调节自身免疫性疾病中的共抑制信号。在这里，我们评估了血清sPD-1和sPD-L1是否参与免疫功能障碍，并评估了其与SLE的关系。从130例SLE患者和44例健康对照中采集血液样本。血清sPD-1和sPD-L1已通过酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）进行了检测。分析了相关的免疫参数。SLE患者的血清sPD-1和sPD-L1均显着高于对照组。一系列严重疾病的临床表现和实验室特征，例如补体成分3减少，补体成分4和SLEDAI> 8例与sPD-1和sPD-L1升高有关。我们的研究表明sPD-1和sPD-1的异常表达可能与SLE免疫调节的失衡有关。