In symptomatic young patients with gastroesophageal reflux symptoms, early identification of progressive gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is critical to prevent long‐term complications associated with hiatal hernia, increased esophageal acid and nonacid exposure, release of proinflammatory cytokines, and development of intestinal metaplasia, endoscopically visible Barrett's esophagus, and dysplasia leading to esophageal adenocarcinoma. Progression of GERD may occur in asymptomatic patients and in those under continuous acid‐suppressive medication. The long‐term side effects of proton‐pump inhibitors, chemopreventive agents, and radiofrequency ablation are contentious. In patients with early‐stage disease, when the lower esophageal sphincter function is still preserved and before endoscopically visible Barrett's esophagus develops, novel laparoscopic procedures, such as magnetic and electric sphincter augmentation, may have a greater role than conventional surgical therapy. A multidisciplinary approach to GERD by a dedicated team of gastroenterologists and surgeons might impact the patients’ lifestyle, the therapeutic choices, and the course of the disease. Biological markers are needed to precisely assess the risk of disease progression and to tailor surveillance, ablation, and management.

中文翻译：

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有症状年轻患者胃食管反流病的临床病程及治疗效果

在有胃食管反流症状的有症状的年轻患者中，早期识别进行性胃食管反流病 (GERD) 对于预防与食管裂孔疝、食管酸和非酸暴露增加、促炎细胞因子释放和肠上皮化生相关的长期并发症至关重要，内窥镜可见 Barrett 食管，发育不良导致食管腺癌。无症状患者和持续服用抑酸药物的患者可能会出现 GERD 进展。质子泵抑制剂、化学预防剂和射频消融的长期副作用存在争议。在早期疾病患者中，当下食管括约肌功能仍然保留且在内窥镜下可见 Barrett 食管出现之前，新型腹腔镜手术，例如磁力和电动括约肌增强术，可能比传统手术疗法发挥更大的作用。由胃肠病学家和外科医生组成的专门团队对 GERD 采取多学科方法可能会影响患者的生活方式、治疗选择和疾病进程。需要生物标志物来精确评估疾病进展的风险并定制监测、消融和管理。