A novel modular continuous flow bioreactor system was designed to enhance the tolerance of bacteria to high concentration of heavy metal. This study evaluated the combined effect of high and low concentration levels of zinc, ferrous iron, copper, sulfate, and carbon source on the heavy metals and sulfate removal efficiencies. Statistically valid Plackett–Burman design (PBD) of experiments was employed to carry out this study. A maximum removal for each of zinc, copper, iron, and sulfate was 99.08%, 99.13%, 94.83%, and 58.89%, respectively. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of zinc, copper, and sulfate reduction revealed that the effect due to zinc was highly significant (p < 0.05). To establish the roles of iron‐oxidizing bacteria (IOB) and sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) in their respective bioreactors, the characteristics of microbial communities in attached and suspended growth biomass in the bioreactors were analyzed by high‐throughput sequencing during the steady operational process. Qualitative energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis of the precipitates from sulfide precipitation was performed. The results revealed that the precipitates as sulfide zinc were confirmed by the EDS spectrum with strong peaks of zinc and sulfur.

中文翻译：

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使用Plackett–Burman设计优化用于酸性矿山排水的模块化连续流生物反应器系统

设计了新颖的模块化连续流生物反应器系统，以增强细菌对高浓度重金属的耐受性。这项研究评估了高，低浓度的锌，亚铁，铜，硫酸盐和碳源对重金属和硫酸盐去除效率的综合影响。具有统计学意义的实验Plackett-Burman设计（PBD）用于进行这项研究。锌，铜，铁和硫酸盐的最大去除率分别为99.08％，99.13％，94.83％和58.89％。锌，铜和硫酸盐还原的方差分析（ANOVA）显示，锌引起的影响非常显着（p<0.05）。为了确定铁氧化细菌（IOB）和硫酸盐还原细菌（SRB）在它们各自的生物反应器中的作用，在稳定运行过程中，通过高通量测序分析了生物反应器中附着和悬浮的生长生物量中的微生物群落特征。 。对硫化物沉淀物中的沉淀物进行了定性能量色散光谱（EDS）分析。结果表明，通过EDS谱证实了作为硫化物锌的沉淀物，具有强的锌和硫峰。