BACKGROUND The association between multiple risk factors and the mortality of sarcopenic patients has not been studied. This study's aim is to report the prevalence of sarcopenia among a sample of Italian hospitalized older adults, describe the physical function, body fat composition, cognitive, inflammatory and nutritional status of sarcopenic compared with non-sarcopenic subjects, and determine the risk factors associated with mortality in sarcopenic patients. METHOD A total of 462 patients were enrolled and followed up for a period of 5 years. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the EWGSOP2 criteria. Factors associated with sarcopenia were identified with linear regression analysis. Logistic regression was applied to explore the association between the risk factors and mortality in sarcopenic subjects. Survival analyses and predictors of mortality were identified using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression. RESULTS The prevalence of sarcopenia was 33.5%. Linear regression showed that sarcopenia was associated with Barthel index (B -9.63, p0.004), BMI (B -3.19, p<0.001) and android fat (B 1.85, p0.004). Of these factors, only the number of co-morbidities (OR 1.394 C95% 1.023-1.862 p 0.025) and MMSE scores (OR 0.857 C95% 0.79-0.930 p <0.001) were associated with mortality in sarcopenia. Kaplan-Meier and the log-rank tests showed the negative prognostic effect of low BMI (p0.007), albumin (p<0.001) and Barthel index (p 0.018). The Cox regression showed that mortality hazard is reduced with BMI >24.9 (HR 0.287 C95% 0.095-0.866 p 0.027). CONCLUSION Sarcopenia is associated with low physical function and BMI but higher android fat. Low Barthel, BMI and albumin can significantly decrease the survival rate in sarcopenic patients. Whereas BMI >24.9 is associated with lower mortality hazard.

中文翻译：

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老年肌肉减少症患者队列中5年死亡率的危险因素。

背景技术尚未研究多种危险因素与肌肉减少症患者的死亡率之间的关联。这项研究的目的是报告意大利住院的老年人样本中的少肌症的患病率，描述少肌症患者与非少肌症患者相比的身体机能，身体脂肪成分，认知，炎症和营养状况，并确定与肌肉减少症患者的死亡率。方法纳入462例患者，随访5年。肌肉减少症是根据EWGSOP2标准诊断的。通过线性回归分析确定与肌肉减少症相关的因素。应用逻辑回归分析探讨肌肉减少症患者的危险因素与死亡率之间的关系。使用Kaplan-Meier和Cox回归确定生存分析和死亡率预测因子。结果少肌症的患病率为33.5％。线性回归显示肌肉减少症与Barthel指数（B -9.63，p0.004），BMI（B -3.19，p <0.001）和机器人脂肪（B 1.85，p0.004）相关。在这些因素中，仅合并症（OR 1.394 C95％1.023-1.862 p 0.025）和MMSE评分（OR 0.857 C95％0.79-0.930 p <0.001）与肌肉减少症的死亡率相关。Kaplan-Meier和对数秩检验显示低BMI（p0.007），白蛋白（p <0.001）和Barthel指数（p 0.018）的阴性预后作用。Cox回归显示，随着BMI> 24.9（HR 0.287 C95％0.095-0.866 p 0.027），死亡率危险降低。结论肌肉减少症与身体机能低下，BMI升高，Android脂肪增多有关。低Barthel，BMI和白蛋白可显着降低肌肉减少症患者的生存率。而BMI> 24.9与较低的死亡危险相关。