Contemporary society is saturated with negative representations of racial and ethnic minorities. Social science research finds that exposure to such negative stereotypes creates stress above and beyond pre-existing effects of income inequality and structural racism. Neuroscience studies in animals and humans show that life stress modulates brain responses to rewards. However, it is not known whether contending with negative representations of one's social group spills overs to influence reward processing. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine the effects of stigmatizing negative stereotypes on neural responding to the anticipation and consumption of monetary gains and losses in a Mexican American sample. Machine learning analyses indicated that incentive-related patterns of brain activity within the nucleus accumbens differed between Mexican Americans subjected to negative stereotypes and those who were not. This effect occurred for anticipating both gains and losses. Our work suggests that rhetoric stigmatizing Latinos and other minorities could alter how members of such groups process incentives in their environment. These findings contribute to our understanding of the linkage between stigmatizing experiences and motivated behavior, with implications for well-being and health.

中文翻译：

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负面定型观念的暴露会影响伏隔核中金钱激励的表示。

当代社会充满了对种族和少数民族的负面代表。社会科学研究发现，面对这样的负面刻板印象，人们所承受的压力超过了收入不平等和结构性种族主义的既有影响。在动物和人类中进行的神经科学研究表明，生活压力会调节大脑对奖励的反应。然而，尚不清楚与一个人的社会团体的否定性表现相抗衡是否会溢出来影响奖励过程。我们使用功能磁共振成像来检查对墨西哥裔美国人样本中货币收益和损失的预期和消耗的负面定型对神经的影响。机器学习分析表明，遭受负面刻板印象的墨西哥裔美国人和未遭受负面刻板印象的墨西哥裔美国人，伏隔核内与激励相关的大脑活动模式有所不同。发生这种结果是为了预期收益和损失。我们的工作表明，对拉丁裔和其他少数族裔的言论污名化可能会改变此类团体的成员在其环境中处理奖励措施的方式。这些发现有助于我们理解污名化的体验与积极的行为之间的联系，这对幸福和健康具有影响。我们的工作表明，对拉丁裔和其他少数族裔的言论污名化可能会改变此类团体的成员在其环境中处理奖励措施的方式。这些发现有助于我们理解污名化的体验与积极的行为之间的联系，这对幸福和健康具有影响。我们的工作表明，对拉丁裔和其他少数族裔的言论污蔑可能会改变此类团体的成员在其环境中处理激励措施的方式。这些发现有助于我们理解污名化的体验与积极的行为之间的联系，这对幸福和健康具有影响。