To enhance the dye fixation of pad-steam dyeing with reactive dyes, we used five kinds of dyes and water–ethanol dyeing medium to investigate the hydrophobic effect in dyeing process. The results indicated that the higher the molecule weight per water soluble group, i.e. the stronger dye hydrophobicity, the higher the dye fixation rate. When dyed with hydrophobic dye, both the alkali and steaming time can be reduced to realize the saving of chemicals and energy. For the more hydrophobic C.I. Reactive Orange 16 (RO16), the appropriate sodium carbonate concentration is 20 g/L, which is 10 g/L lower than the 30 g/L of C.I. Reactive Violet 5 (RV5). Similarly, RO16 just needed 2 min of steaming time to obtain the maximum K/S value, while RV5 needed 3 min. Enhancing the hydrophobicity of dyeing medium can also increase the dye fixation rates and K/S values. The K/S values and fixation rates of fabrics dyed with RV5 increased up mostly by 31.2% and 14% via using ethanol instead of 32 vol.% water in dyeing medium, respectively. All the dyed fabrics exhibit good color fastness.

为了增强活性染料对垫式蒸汽染色的固色性，我们使用了五种染料和水-乙醇染色介质来研究染色过程中的疏水作用。结果表明，每个水溶性基团的分子量越高，即染料疏水性越强，染料固定率越高。用疏水性染料染色时，既可以减少碱和蒸煮时间，又可以节省化学药品和能源。对于疏水性更强的CI反应性橙16（RO16），合适的碳酸钠浓度为20 g / L，比30 g / L的CI反应性紫5（RV5）低10 g / L。同样，RO16只需2分钟的蒸煮时间即可获得最大K / S值，而RV5需要3分钟。增强染色介质的疏水性也可以提高染料固定率和K / S值。在染色介质中，使用乙醇代替32体积％的水，用RV5染色的织物的K / S值和固色率分别分别增加了31.2％和14％。所有染色的织物均表现出良好的色牢度。