In this article, a decentralized energy management strategy (EMS), which is derived from the conventional droop control, is proposed for the auxiliary power unit composed of multiple fuel cells (FCs) and supercapacitors (SCs) of a more electric aircraft. By utilizing a virtual inductor droop scheme to the FC converter and a virtual resistor droop scheme to the SC converter, the proposed EMS is able to split the load power automatically into low and high frequency components and allocate them to the FC and SC units, respectively. In addition, by optimally designing the droop parameters, accurate power sharing among different source units is achieved. The proposed strategy is not only suitable for extending the service life of the system by adding State of Charge (SoC) protection mechanism in the energy management, but also can improve the system reliability as it is compatible for the disconnection of some source units when fault occurs. The operational principle of the proposed EMS and the detailed system design methodology are elaborated, followed by which hardware-in-the-loop simulation study based on Typhoon HIL 602 is done to verify its validity.

中文翻译：

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未来多燃料电池和超级电容器组成的多电动飞机全电动APU分散能源管理策略

在本文中，针对由多个燃料电池 (FC) 和超级电容器 (SC) 组成的电动飞机的辅助动力单元，提出了一种源自传统下垂控制的分散式能量管理策略 (EMS)。通过对 FC 转换器使用虚拟电感下垂方案和对 SC 转换器使用虚拟电阻下垂方案，所提出的 EMS 能够将负载功率自动分为低频和高频分量，并将它们分别分配给 FC 和 SC 单元. 此外，通过优化设计下垂参数，实现不同源单元之间的精确功率分配。所提出的策略不仅适用于通过在能量管理中添加荷电状态 (SoC) 保护机制来延长系统的使用寿命，同时也可以提高系统的可靠性，因为它兼容一些源单元发生故障时的断开连接。阐述了所提出的EMS的工作原理和详细的系统设计方法，然后进行了基于Typhoon HIL 602的硬件在环仿真研究以验证其有效性。