In portable devices, such as notebook computers and tablet personal computers, one or more battery strings with multiple lithium-ion (Li-ion) cells have been used since long. Life cycle and safety of the Li-ion battery strings are crucial aspects. A battery management system (BMS) is required for monitoring the status of each cell and balancing their state of charge (SoC). However, most conventional cell equalizers provide only cell monitoring and equalization functions. In this article, a parallel architecture is presented that not only achieves battery cell equalization but also is capable of providing voltage regulation for point-of-loads (POLs). In the proposed equalizer, several isolated dc–dc converters are constructed. The input terminal of each converter is connected to a battery cell, and the output terminals are connected to one point for the poststage POLs. A battery voltage acquirement system is built for SoC estimation. A central BMS controller is realized using a field-programmable gate array to receive sensed signals and control all the functions. The entire system is verified using the experimental results for a battery string involving three NCR 18650B Li-ion cells connected in series.

中文翻译：

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具有电池平衡功能的负载点应用的数字电池管理设计

在便携式设备中，例如笔记本电脑和平板个人电脑，长期以来一直使用具有多个锂离子 (Li-ion) 电池的一个或多个电池组。锂离子电池组的生命周期和安全性是至关重要的方面。需要电池管理系统 (BMS) 来监控每​​个电池的状态并平衡其充电状态 (SoC)。然而，大多数传统小区均衡器仅提供小区监控和均衡功能。在本文中，提出了一种并行架构，它不仅可以实现电池单元均衡，而且还能够为负载点 (POL) 提供电压调节。在建议的均衡器中，构建了几个隔离的 dc-dc 转换器。每个转换器的输入端连接到一个电池单元，输出端子连接到后级POL的一个点。为SoC估计构建了电池电压获取系统。中央 BMS 控制器使用现场可编程门阵列来实现，以接收感测信号并控制所有功能。使用包含三个串联的 NCR 18650B 锂离子电池的电池组的实验结果验证了整个系统。