Olive pomace is considered a solid by-product and a rich source of valuable compounds such as polyphenols, flavonoids with antioxidant properties, and proteins. Nonthermal technologies, which cause alterations to cell permeability, are being explored to assist conventional recovery techniques. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of pulsed electric fields (PEF) and high pressure (HP) on improved recovery yield of the high-added-value compounds or to shorten the extraction time of these compounds. Olive pomace (Tsounati cv) was pretreated with PEF (1.0 to 6.5 kV/cm, 0.9 to 51.1 kJ/kg, and 15 µs pulse width) or HP (200 to 600 MPa and 0 to 40 min). Evaluation of the intracellular compounds extracted via solid-liquid extraction (50% ethanol-water solution) was performed. More intense PEF and HP conditions resulted in a significant increase of the phenolic concentration up to 91.6% and 71.8%, respectively. The increased antioxidant capacity of each extract was correlated to phenolic compound concentration. The protein concentration that was achieved with PEF pretreatment was doubled; however, HP-pretreated extracts reached 88.1% higher yield than untreated for pressures up to 200 MPa. HP and PEF pretreatment decreased extraction completion time t98 (needed time to recover the equal amount of phenolics and proteins of untreated after 60 min of conventional extraction) to 12 min and lower than 1 min, respectively. To conclude, both pretreatments are effective in improving the conventional extraction process for increased yield recovery of high-added-value compounds from olive pomace.

中文翻译：

---

脉冲电场和高压对提高橄榄果渣中高附加值化合物回收率的影响

橄榄果渣被认为是一种固体副产品，是多酚、具有抗氧化特性的黄酮类化合物和蛋白质等有价值化合物的丰富来源。正在探索导致细胞渗透性改变的非热技术，以协助传统的恢复技术。本研究的目的是评估脉冲电场 (PEF) 和高压 (HP) 对提高高附加值化合物回收率或缩短这些化合物的提取时间的影响。橄榄果渣 (Tsounati cv) 用 PEF（1.0 至 6.5 kV/cm，0.9 至 51.1 kJ/kg，15 µs 脉冲宽度）或 HP（200 至 600 MPa 和 0 至 40 分钟）进行预处理。对通过固液萃取（50% 乙醇-水溶液）萃取的细胞内化合物进行了评价。更强烈的 PEF 和 HP 条件导致酚浓度显着增加，分别高达 91.6% 和 71.8%。每种提取物增加的抗氧化能力与酚类化合物浓度相关。通过 PEF 预处理实现的蛋白质浓度翻了一番；然而，在高达 200 MPa 的压力下，HP 预处理的提取物比未处理的提取物产量高 88.1%。HP 和 PEF 预处理将提取完成时间 t98（在常规提取 60 分钟后回收等量的未处理酚类物质和蛋白质所需的时间）分别降低至 12 分钟和低于 1 分钟。总而言之，这两种预处理都有效地改进了传统的提取工艺，以提高橄榄果渣中高附加值化合物的产量回收率。