The very earliest stages of sensory processing have the potential to alter how we perceive and respond to our environment. These initial processing circuits can incorporate subcortical regions, such as the thalamus and brainstem nuclei, which mediate complex interactions with the brain's cortical processing hierarchy. These subcortical pathways, many of which we share with other animals, are not merely vestigial but appear to function as 'shortcuts' that ensure processing efficiency and preservation of vital life-preserving functions, such as harm avoidance, adaptive social interactions and efficient decision-making. Here, we propose that functional interactions between these higher-order and lower-order brain areas contribute to atypical sensory and cognitive processing that characterizes numerous neuropsychiatric disorders.

中文翻译：

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皮层下捷径对感觉和认知过程紊乱的影响。

感觉处理的最早阶段有可能改变我们对环境的感知和响应方式。这些初始处理电路可以合并皮质下区域，例如丘脑和脑干核，这些区域介导与大脑皮质处理层次结构的复杂相互作用。这些皮质下途径（我们与其他动物共有许多途径）不仅具有残余作用，而且还具有“捷径”的作用，可确保加工效率和重要的生命维持功能，例如避免伤害，适应性社会互动和有效的决策能力。制造。在这里，我们建议这些高阶和低阶大脑区域之间的功能相互作用有助于表征许多神经精神疾病的非典型感觉和认知过程。