Community-based projects with inclusive stakeholder engagement are increasingly important to achieve robust outcomes in the science and management of ‘wicked’ urban ecosystem service challenges. We summarize lessons learned from a transdisciplinary, team-based doctoral education program that engaged students in research on such multi-stakeholder, complex problems. The key lessons are (a) problem-based projects foster active student engagement and accelerate transdisciplinary analysis, (b) problems addressing more acute interventions by public or private organizations enable learning by clearly delineating the issues and revealing the goals and perspectives of varied stakeholders, (c) successful projects that address wicked problems require that transdisciplinary teams begin from inception to robustly frame research questions with multiple lenses and choose appropriate theories and methods to implement projects, (d) regular stakeholder engagement leads to mutually meaningful project outcomes that advance scholarly frontiers for university researchers and provide relevant solutions for community partners, and (e) university administrative investment in program faculty, students, and staff and flexibility to reward innovative collaborations across disciplinary boundaries are keys to facilitate success in transdisciplinary education. Our lessons provide guidance both for addressing wicked problems through research projects in general and for formulating transdisciplinary training approaches for graduate education.

中文翻译：

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社区参与的城市生态系统服务跨学科博士培训方法

在利益相关者的广泛参与下，基于社区的项目对于在“邪恶的”城市生态系统服务挑战的科学和管理中取得稳健的成果越来越重要。我们总结了从跨学科，基于团队的博士教育计划中汲取的经验教训，该计划使学生参与了有关多方利益相关者，复杂问题的研究。关键的教训是（a）以问题为基础的项目可以促进学生的积极参与并加速跨学科分析；（b）解决公共或私人组织采取的更为敏锐干预措施的问题可以通过清楚地描述问题并揭示各利益相关方的目标和观点来进行学习，（c）解决邪恶问题的成功项目需要跨学科团队从成立之初就以多角度牢固地研究问题，并选择适当的理论和方法来实施项目；（d）利益相关者的定期参与会产生相互有意义的项目成果，从而推动学术前沿为大学研究人员提供并为社区合作伙伴提供相关解决方案，以及（e）大学对计划教职员工，学生和员工的行政投资以及灵活奖励跨学科界限的创新合作是促进跨学科教育成功的关键。我们的课程既为通过一般研究项目解决邪恶问题提供指导，也为制定研究生教育的跨学科培训方法提供了指导。