Abstract Technological innovation has generated much interest among scholars, practitioners, and policymakers as a critical instrument for achieving sustainable development. Although the relationship between technological innovation and sustainable development has been extensively discussed in the academic and policy circles, little studies have empirically examined the simultaneous impact of technological innovation on the three pillars of sustainable development. To fill this gap, the present study examines the ability of technological innovation to simultaneously promote economic progress and advance social and environmental conditions in the case of 75 low-, middle-, and high-income countries by demonstrating how this impact differs across the stages of economic development. From both long-run estimates and causality analysis, our findings reveal that technological innovation contributes simultaneously to the three pillars of sustainable development only in the case of rich countries; however, it only affects the economic and environmental dimensions in the middle-income countries, and no impact is found in the case of low-income countries. Future research directions, policy and managerial implications are also discussed.

中文翻译：

---

技术创新与可持续发展：发展阶段重要吗？

摘要 技术创新作为实现可持续发展的重要手段，引起了学者、实践者和政策制定者的极大兴趣。尽管技术创新与可持续发展之间的关系在学术界和政策界已被广泛讨论，但鲜有研究实证检验技术创新对可持续发展三大支柱的同步影响。为了填补这一空白，本研究通过展示这种影响在不同阶段的差异，检验了技术创新在 75 个低收入、中等收入和高收入国家的情况下同时促进经济进步和改善社会和环境条件的能力的经济发展。从长期估计和因果关系分析来看，我们的研究结果表明，只有在富裕国家的情况下，技术创新才能同时促进可持续发展的三大支柱；然而，它只影响中等收入国家的经济和环境层面，对低收入国家没有影响。还讨论了未来的研究方向、政策和管理影响。