The chemokine CXCL14 is a highly conserved, homeostatic chemokine that is constitutively expressed in skin epithelia. Responsible for immune cell recruitment and maturation, as well as impacting epithelial cell motility, CXCL14 contributes to the establishment of immune surveillance within normal epithelial layers. Furthermore, CXCL14 is critical to upregulating major histocompatibility complex class I expression on tumor cells. Given these important roles, CXCL14 is often dysregulated in several types of carcinomas including cervical, colorectal, endometrial, and head and neck cancers. Its disruption has been shown to limit critical antitumor immune regulation and is correlated to poor patient prognosis. However, other studies have found that in certain cancers, namely pancreatic and some breast cancers, overexpression of stromal CXCL14 correlates with poor patient survival due to increased invasiveness. Contributing to the ambiguity CXCL14 plays in cancer is that the native CXCL14 receptor remains uncharacterized, although several candidate receptors have been proposed. Despite the complexity of CXCL14 functions, it remains clear that this chemokine is a key regulatory factor in cancer and represents a potential target for future cancer immunotherapies.

中文翻译：

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趋化因子CXCL14在癌症进展和免疫反应中的多种作用。

趋化因子CXCL14是高度保守的体内趋化因子，在皮肤上皮细胞中组成型表达。CXCL14负责免疫细胞的募集和成熟，并影响上皮细胞的运动，有助于在正常上皮层内建立免疫监视。此外，CXCL14对于上调肿瘤细胞上主要的组织相容性复合物I类表达至关重要。鉴于这些重要的作用，CXCL14在几种类型的癌症中常常失调，包括宫颈癌，结肠直肠癌，子宫内膜癌和头颈癌。已显示其破坏作用会限制关键的抗肿瘤免疫调节，并与患者预后不良有关。但是，其他研究发现，在某些癌症（即胰腺癌和某些乳腺癌）中，由于侵袭性增加，基质CXCL14的过表达与患者生存不良有关。尽管已提出了几种候选受体，但导致CXCL14在癌症中产生歧义的原因是天然CXCL14受体仍未表征。尽管CXCL14功能的复杂性，但仍很明显，这种趋化因子是癌症中的关键调节因子，并且是未来癌症免疫疗法的潜在靶标。