Younger Dryas ice‐marginal (‘hummocky’) moraines in Scotland represent valuable terrestrial archives that can be used to obtain important information on ice‐marginal dynamics and glacier thermal regimes during a period of rapid climatic change. In this paper, we present detailed sedimentological studies of Younger Dryas ice‐marginal moraines in the Gaick, central Scotland, the former site of a spatially restricted plateau icefield. Exposures demonstrate that moraines in the Gaick represent terrestrial ice‐contact fans, with evidence of proglacial and subglacial glaciotectonization, as reported elsewhere in Scotland. The exposures also reveal the influence of local hydrogeological conditions, with pressurization of the groundwater system leading to the formation of hydrofracture fills within some moraines. Clast shape analysis shows that all the moraines contain debris consistent with transport in the subglacial traction zone. The sedimentological data, and the planform arrangement of the moraines as nested arcs or chevrons, indicate that retreat of the Younger Dryas Gaick Icefield outlets was incremental and oscillatory. This evidence strongly suggests a mainly temperate thermal regime and short glacier response times, but with narrow cold‐ice zones near the margins facilitating the elevation of basal debris to the glacier surface. Analogous glaciodynamic regimes occur at modern ice‐cap and plateau icefield outlets in Iceland and Norway, although there are significant differences in the nature of ice‐marginal deposition. The glaciodynamic signature recorded by moraines in the Gaick has allowed us to shed new light on the ice‐marginal dynamics and thermal regime of one of the most easterly Younger Dryas icefields in Scotland.

中文翻译：

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苏格兰盖克的“冰m冰formation”形成过程：对年轻得里亚斯高原冰原冰缘动态的洞察

在苏格兰，年轻的得里亚树冰缘（“ hummocky”）代表着宝贵的陆地档案，可用于在快速的气候变化时期获得有关冰缘动态和冰川热力状况的重要信息。在本文中，我们介绍了苏格兰中部盖克（Gaick）（空间受限的高原冰原的前址）的年轻得克萨斯（Yerger Dryas）边缘冰粒岩的详细沉积学研究。暴露表明盖克山脉的冰山代表着陆冰接触者，并有冰期和冰期冰下构造的证据，这在苏格兰其他地方也有报道。暴露还揭示了当地水文地质条件的影响，对地下水系统的增压导致在某些流域内形成水力压裂填充物。碎裂形状分析表明，所有的冰rain都含有碎屑，这些碎屑与冰川下牵引带的运输相一致。沉积学数据以及作为嵌套弧形或人字形的芒rain的平面形式排列表明，年轻的德里亚斯·盖克冰原出口的撤退是渐进的和振荡的。该证据有力地表明主要是温带热态和较短的冰川响应时间，但在边缘附近有较窄的冷冰区，有利于基底碎屑向冰川表面升高。尽管冰川边缘沉积物的性质存在显着差异，但类似的冰川动力学机制发生在冰岛和挪威的现代冰帽和高原冰场出口。