[We use a 3D seismic dataset from Offshore Angola to document the salt‐influenced translation and evolution of structures on the margin. We show that salt interaction with base‐salt relief has played a crucial role in the stratigraphic and structural evolution of the basin. , Abstract Salt‐influenced passive margins are widespread and commonly hydrocarbon‐rich. However, they can be structurally complex, with their kinematic development being poorly understood. Classic models of salt tectonics divide such margins into updip extensional, mid‐slope translational and downdip contractional kinematic domains. Furthermore the faults, folds, and salt walls associated with each kinematic domain are typically assumed to form perpendicular to the maximum principal stress, which in gravitationally driven systems means broadly perpendicular to base‐salt dip. We use high‐resolution 3D seismic reflection data from the Outer Kwanza Basin, offshore Angola to show that these models cannot explain the diversity of salt structures developing on passive margins, especially those defined by considerable relief on the base‐of‐salt surface. Overburden seismic‐stratigraphic patterns record the basinward translation and rotation, allowing us to reconstruct the origin and evolution of the salt structures. We show structures in the transitional domain of the Outer Kwanza Basin display three dominant trends, each characterised by different structural styles: (a) salt walls perpendicular to the overall base‐salt dip, (b) salt walls parallel to the base‐salt dip and (c) salt walls oblique to the base‐salt dip. We show that each set of walls has a unique history, with synchronous phases of extension and compression occurring in adjacent structures despite their close spatial relationship. Our analysis suggests that, in the Outer Kwanza Basin, the structural evolution of the salt and overburden is predominantly controlled by translation over relief on the base‐salt surface formed above fault scarps associated with a preceding phase of rifting. Changes in the downdip volumetric flux and velocity of the salt over topographic features can cause local extension or contraction of the salt and its overburden, associated with local acceleration or deceleration of the salt, respectively. This interaction with base‐salt relief creates locally variable stress fields that deform the salt and its overburden, overprinting the broader, margin‐scale salt tectonics typically associated with gravity gliding and spreading.]

中文翻译：

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安哥拉近海外宽扎盆地的基盐释放控制与盐相关的变形

[我们使用来自安哥拉近海的 3D 地震数据集来记录受盐影响的边缘结构的平移和演化。我们表明盐与基盐地貌的相互作用在盆地的地层和构造演化中起着至关重要的作用。, 摘要 受盐影响的被动边缘分布广泛且通常富含油气。然而，它们在结构上可能很复杂，对它们的运动学发展知之甚少。盐构造的经典模型将这些边缘划分为上倾伸展、中坡平移和下倾收缩运动学域。此外，与每个运动域相关的断层、褶皱和盐壁通常被假定为垂直于最大主应力形成，这在重力驱动系统中意味着大致垂直于基盐倾角。我们使用来自安哥拉近海外宽扎盆地的高分辨率 3D 地震反射数据表明，这些模型无法解释在被动边缘发育的盐结构的多样性，尤其是那些由盐基表面显着起伏定义的盐结构。覆盖层地震地层模式记录了向盆地的平移和旋转，使我们能够重建盐结构的起源和演化。我们展示了外宽扎盆地过渡域中的结构显示出三种主要趋势，每种趋势都具有不同的构造风格：（a）垂直于整体基盐倾角的盐壁，（b）平行于基盐倾角的盐壁(c) 盐壁倾斜于基盐倾角。我们展示了每一组墙都有独特的历史，尽管它们的空间关系密切，但在相邻结构中发生了同步的拉伸和压缩阶段。我们的分析表明，在外宽扎盆地，盐和覆盖层的结构演化主要受与前一期裂谷相关的断层陡坎上方形成的基盐表面的平移过度控制。盐分在地形特征上的下倾体积通量和速度的变化会导致盐分及其覆盖层的局部伸展或收缩，分别与盐分的局部加速或减速相关。这种与基底盐岩地貌的相互作用产生了局部可变应力场，使盐及其覆盖层变形，覆盖通常与重力滑动和扩散相关的更广泛的边缘规模盐构造。] 在外宽扎盆地，盐和覆盖层的结构演化主要受与前一阶段裂谷相关的断层陡坡上方形成的基盐表面上的平移过度控制。盐分在地形特征上的下倾体积通量和速度的变化会导致盐分及其覆盖层的局部伸展或收缩，分别与盐分的局部加速或减速相关。这种与基底盐岩地貌的相互作用产生了局部可变应力场，使盐及其覆盖层变形，覆盖通常与重力滑动和扩散相关的更广泛的边缘规模盐构造。] 在外宽扎盆地，盐和上覆地层的构造演化主要受与前一期裂谷相关的断层陡坡上方形成的基盐表面上的平移过度控制。盐分在地形特征上的下倾体积通量和速度的变化会导致盐分及其覆盖层的局部伸展或收缩，分别与盐分的局部加速或减速相关。这种与基底盐岩地貌的相互作用产生了局部可变应力场，使盐及其覆盖层变形，覆盖通常与重力滑动和扩散相关的更广泛的边缘规模盐构造。] 盐和上覆地层的构造演化主要受与前一阶段裂谷相关的断层陡坡上方形成的基底盐表面上的平移过度控制。盐分在地形特征上的下倾体积通量和速度的变化会导致盐分及其覆盖层的局部伸展或收缩，分别与盐分的局部加速或减速相关。这种与基盐地貌的相互作用产生了局部可变应力场，使盐及其覆盖层变形，覆盖通常与重力滑动和扩散相关的更广泛的边缘规模的盐构造。] 盐和上覆地层的构造演化主要受与前一阶段裂谷相关的断层陡坡上方形成的基底盐表面上的平移过度控制。盐分在地形特征上的下倾体积通量和速度的变化会导致盐分及其覆盖层的局部伸展或收缩，分别与盐分的局部加速或减速相关。这种与基盐地貌的相互作用产生了局部可变应力场，使盐及其覆盖层变形，覆盖通常与重力滑动和扩散相关的更广泛的边缘规模的盐构造。] 盐分在地形特征上的下倾体积通量和速度的变化会导致盐分及其覆盖层的局部伸展或收缩，分别与盐分的局部加速或减速相关。这种与基底盐岩地貌的相互作用产生了局部可变应力场，使盐及其覆盖层变形，覆盖通常与重力滑动和扩散相关的更广泛的边缘规模盐构造。] 盐分在地形特征上的下倾体积通量和速度的变化会导致盐分及其覆盖层的局部伸展或收缩，分别与盐分的局部加速或减速相关。这种与基底盐岩地貌的相互作用产生了局部可变应力场，使盐及其覆盖层变形，覆盖通常与重力滑动和扩散相关的更广泛的边缘规模盐构造。]