Power generation performance and long‐term durability of ammonia‐fueled solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) systems are investigated with SOFC stacks consisting of 30 planar anode‐supported cells. SOFC systems with three different operation modes are employed: direct ammonia, external decomposition and autothermal decomposition. A novel BaO/Ni/Sm₂O₃/MgO catalyst is newly developed for the external ammonia cracker, whereas a Co‐Ce‐Zr composite oxide catalyst is used for the autothermal ammonia cracker. Initial performance measurement and 1,000 h long‐term durability test of the stacks are conducted. The stack fueled with direct ammonia achieves 1 kW power output with 52% direct current (DC) electrical efficiency; a slight decrease in its performance compared with the stack with the mixture fuel of hydrogen and nitrogen is attributed to the decrease in the stack temperature caused by the endothermic ammonia decomposition reaction. The external ammonia cracker helps to maintain the stack temperature, improving the initial performance of the stack. The stack performance with the autothermal ammonia cracker is also comparable to those with the other operation modes. It is also demonstrated that the stacks fueled with ammonia have excellent stability during the long‐term tests and 57% energy conversion efficiency at ca. 700 W electrical output is achieved with the external ammonia cracker.

中文翻译：

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开发1 kW级氨燃料的固体氧化物燃料电池堆

氨燃料固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）系统的发电性能和长期耐用性通过使用由30个平面阳极支撑电池组成的SOFC电池组进行了研究。采用具有三种不同操作模式的SOFC系统：直接氨，外部分解和自热分解。新型BaO / Ni / Sm ₂ O ₃/ MgO催化剂是新开发的用于外部氨裂解炉的催化剂，而Co-Ce-Zr复合氧化物催化剂则用于自热氨裂解炉。进行了电池组的初始性能测量和1,000 h的长期耐久性测试。以氨为燃料的烟囱可实现1 kW的功率输出，直流电（DC）的电效率为52％；与具有氢和氮的混合燃料的燃料电池组相比，其性能略有下降是由于由吸热氨分解反应引起的燃料电池组温度降低。外部氨裂化器有助于保持烟囱温度，从而改善烟囱的初始性能。自动热氨裂化炉的烟囱性能也可与其他操作模式相媲美。还证明了，使用氨燃料的燃料电池组在长期测试中具有出色的稳定性，在约200℃时的能量转换效率为57％。使用外部氨裂化器可获得700 W的电输出。