The microbiota plays an important role in the growth of mosquitoes and the transmission of mosquito‐borne pathogens. The effects of changes in aquatic habitats in which mosquitoes live, as one of the major factors closely associated with the microbial communities of mosquitoes, on the microbiota of different developmental stages remain to be elucidated. Here, we compared the microbiota of larvae and pupae of Aedes albopictus exposed to different ampicillin concentrations and investigated the bacterial composition of adult females. The results demonstrate that the microbial community differed substantially between developmental stages and that samples of the same stages shared similarities, whereas differences were observed between adult females. Based on all observations, we hypothesize that the use of ampicillin caused dysbiosis rather than excluding bacteria from mosquitoes and that the disturbing effect of ampicillin was obvious in adults. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses revealed that most of the bacteria identified in this study were significantly associated with metabolism. Taken together, our results indicate that ampicillin can change the abundance of bacteria, while microbial communities of Ae. albopictus showed obvious stage‐specific characteristics. Further investigations are needed to characterize specific bacterial components that are affected by ampicillin exposure and to quantify their functions, thereby providing a better understanding of the influence of antibiotics on microbial communities at different life stages.

中文翻译：

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氨苄青霉素暴露会影响白纹伊蚊不同发育阶段的微生物群变化。

微生物群在蚊子的生长和蚊媒病原体的传播中起着重要作用。作为与蚊子微生物群落密切相关的主要因素之一，蚊子生活在水生生境中的变化对不同发育阶段的微生物群的影响尚待阐明。在这里，我们比较了白纹伊蚊幼虫和p的微生物群暴露于不同的氨苄西林浓度，并调查成年女性的细菌组成。结果表明，在发育阶段之间，微生物群落存在显着差异，相同阶段的样品具有相似性，而成年雌性之间存在差异。根据所有观察结果，我们假设使用氨苄西林会引起营养不良，而不是从蚊子中排除细菌，并且氨苄西林对成年人的干扰作用是明显的。京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）分析显示，该研究中鉴定出的大多数细菌与代谢显着相关。两者合计，我们的结果表明氨苄青霉素可以改变细菌的丰度，而Ae的微生物群落。 白化病表现出明显的阶段特异性特征。需要进行进一步的研究以鉴定受氨苄西林暴露影响的特定细菌成分并量化其功能，从而更好地了解抗生素在不同生命阶段对微生物群落的影响。