Interactions between gut microbiota not only regulate physical health, but also form a vital bridge between the environment and the host, thus helping the host to better adapt to the environment. The improvement of modern molecular sequencing techniques enables in‐depth investigations of the gut microbiota of vertebrate herbivores without harming them. By sequencing the 16S rRNA V4‐V5 region of the gut microbiota of both the captive and wild kiang in winter and summer, the diversity and function of the microbiota could be compared. The reasons for observed differences were discussed. The results showed that the dominant phyla of the kiang were Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, and the structure and abundance of the gut microbiota differed significantly between seasons and environments. However, the relatively stable function of the gut microbiota supplies the host with increased adaptability to the environment. The diversity of the intestinal flora of the kiang is relatively low in captivity, which increases their risk to catch diseases to some extent. Therefore, importance should be attached to the impact of captivity on wildlife.

中文翻译：

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肠道微生物的多样性和稳定功能增强了藏野驴（马属马）的高原适应性。

肠道菌群之间的相互作用不仅调节身体健康，而且还形成了环境与宿主之间的重要桥梁，从而帮助宿主更好地适应环境。现代分子测序技术的改进使得可以对脊椎动物的食草动物的肠道菌群进行深入研究，而不会损害它们。通过在冬季和夏季对圈养和野生江豚肠道菌群的16S rRNA V4-V5区域进行测序，可以比较菌群的多样性和功能。讨论了观察到差异的原因。结果表明，该省的优势种群是拟杆菌和硬毛菌，肠道菌群的结构和丰度在季节和环境之间存在显着差异。然而，肠道菌群相对稳定的功能使宿主对环境的适应性增强。关江肠道菌群的多样性被圈养的程度相对较低，这在一定程度上增加了他们感染疾病的风险。因此，应重视圈养对野生动植物的影响。