Multiple aquatic ecosystems (pond, lake, river, lagoon, and ocean) on the Arctic Coastal Plain near Utqiaġvik, Alaska, USA, were visited to determine their relative atmospheric CO₂ flux and how this may have changed over time. The nearshore coastal waters and large freshwater lakes were small sinks of atmospheric CO₂, whereas smaller waterbodies were substantial sources. pCO₂ was linked to dissolved organic carbon concentrations across broad spatial and temporal scales, with greater concentrations found in smaller freshwater systems (i.e., ponds and rivers). On a day‐to‐day basis, water temperatures appeared to be the strongest driver of pCO₂ levels in tundra ponds, where warmer temperatures likely stimulated microbial mineralization of carbon in both aquatic and hydrologically linked terrestrial environments. Large rainfall events, which may lead to inflow of carbon‐rich groundwater into these ponds, also were associated with increased daily average pCO₂. Based on comparison to historical data, we estimate that CO₂ concentrations in tundra ponds have increased more than 1.8 times over the past 40 years. Quantifying CO₂ flux from these abundant aquatic ecosystems on the Arctic Coastal Plain and elsewhere in the high northern latitudes will likely have important implications for furthering understanding of landscape‐level and nearshore carbon dynamics in the Arctic.

中文翻译：

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北极沿海苔原水生生态系统中二氧化碳浓度的模式和驱动因素

访问了美国阿拉斯加乌特卡维克附近的北极沿海平原上的多个水生生态系统（池塘，湖泊，河流，泻湖和海洋），以确定其相对大气CO ₂通量以及其随时间的变化。近岸沿海水域和大型淡水湖是大气CO _2的小汇，而较小的水体是重要的来源。p CO ₂与广泛的时空尺度上的溶解有机碳浓度有关，在较小的淡水系统（如池塘和河流）中发现较高的浓度。在日常基础上，水温似乎是p CO ₂的最强驱动力苔原池塘中的碳水平升高，温度升高可能会刺激水生和水文相关的陆地环境中微生物的碳矿化作用。大降雨事件可能导致富碳地下水流入这些池塘，也与日均p CO ₂增加有关。根据与历史数据的比较，我们估计在过去40年中，冻原池塘中的CO ₂浓度增加了1.8倍以上。量化来自北极沿海平原和北部高纬度地区其他丰富水生生态系统的CO ₂通量，可能对进一步了解北极的景观水平和近岸碳动态具有重要意义。