1,2‐Dimethylhydrazine (DMH), an environmental toxicant specifically targets the colon. The present study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of gallic acid (GA) against colon toxicity induced by DMH in Wistar rats. GA, a phenolic acid has numerous beneficial properties, which include antiviral, antifungal and antioxidant properties which help cells to overcome oxidative stress and balance the redox homeostasis. GA was administered orally at two doses (25 and 50 mg/kg body weight) once daily for 14 days and a single dose (40 mg/kg body weight) of DMH was administered subcutaneously on 14th day. Animals were sacrificed on the 15th day and we could find that GA at both the doses significantly ameliorates DMH‐induced increased toxicity markers and also substantially increases the glutathione content level and activities of detoxifying enzymes. It also ameliorates the expression of proliferation, inflammation, apoptosis, goblet cell disintegration, and mucin depletion in the colon that was elevated upon administration of DMH. Histological alterations provide further confirmation of the protective role of GA against DMH‐induced colon toxicity. The results of this study clearly indicate supplementation of GA is beneficial in ameliorating DMH‐induced oxidative stress, inflammation, proliferation, apoptosis, mucin depletion, and goblet cell disintegration in colon of Wistar rats.

中文翻译：

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没食子酸可防止 1, 2-二甲基肼诱导的结肠炎症、毒性、粘蛋白消耗和杯状细胞解体

1,2-二甲基肼 (DMH)，一种专门针对结肠的环境毒物。本研究旨在评估没食子酸 (GA) 对 Wistar 大鼠中 DMH 诱导的结肠毒性的功效。GA 是一种酚酸，具有许多有益特性，包括抗病毒、抗真菌和抗氧化特性，可帮助细胞克服氧化应激和平衡氧化还原稳态。GA 以两种剂量（25 和 50 毫克/千克体重）口服给药，每天一次，持续 14 天，并在第 14 天皮下注射单剂量（40 毫克/千克体重）DMH。在第 15 天处死动物，我们可以发现两种剂量的 GA 都显着改善了 DMH 诱导的毒性标志物增加，并且还显着增加了谷胱甘肽含量水平和解毒酶的活性。它还可以改善结肠中增殖、炎症、细胞凋亡、杯状细胞解体和粘蛋白消耗的表达，这些表达在施用 DMH 后升高。组织学改变进一步证实了 GA 对 DMH 诱导的结肠毒性的保护作用。这项研究的结果清楚地表明，补充 GA 有利于改善 Wistar 大鼠结肠中 DMH 诱导的氧化应激、炎症、增殖、细胞凋亡、粘蛋白消耗和杯状细胞解体。