ABSTRACT

The confinement of room-temperature ionic liquids (ILs) in nanoscale geometries, where at least one, but often all three dimensions are reduced down to lengths comparable to the anion-cation size, put the ILs into a quite different condition with respect to their bulk phase. An understanding of the properties of the ILs confined in a nanoscale-constrained geometry is of both fundamental and practical interest. In particular, the spatial restriction of ILs promotes a strong interaction of the ILs with the surface of the confining matrix, which strongly affects their properties, like the phase transition behavior, layering near surface walls, wetting, as well as ionic mobility. This short review is especially concerned with the interfacial confinement of ILs on solid substrates, in the form of very thin films, or inside porous nanomaterials.

摘要

将室温离子液体（ILs）限制在纳米级几何结构中，其中至少一个尺寸（但通常所有三个尺寸都减小到与阴离子阳离子大小相当的长度）使ILs处于完全不同的状态本体相。对限制在纳米尺度几何结构中的IL的性质的理解具有根本和实际意义。特别是，离子液体的空间限制促进了离子液体与约束基质表面的强烈相互作用，从而强烈影响了离子液体的性质，例如相变行为，表面壁附近的分层，润湿以及离子迁移率。这篇简短的评论特别关注ILs在固体基质上的界面限制，其以非常薄膜的形式或在多孔纳米材料内部。