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The role of sex, executive functioning, and perceptions of safety on urban adolescent substance use
Addiction Research & Theory ( IF 3.007 ) Pub Date : 2019-05-07 , DOI: 10.1080/16066359.2019.1601708
Michael Mason 1 , Jeremy Mennis 2 , Matthew Moore 1 , Aaron Brown 1
Affiliation  

Abstract Background: Perceptions of safety within one’s activity space (commonly frequented locations) reduces risk for adolescent substance use. Less is known about urban adolescents’ neuropsychological vulnerabilities to substance use and how these may interact with activity space risk. Questions regarding how male and female adolescents respond to these interactions have yet to be sufficiently studied. Method: To examine these interactions, we conducted a moderated moderation analysis with a sample of 194 adolescents to determine whether executive functioning moderated the influence of activity space risk on substance use, and if this moderation varied by sex. Results: Results indicate that adolescents with low levels of executive functioning were more sensitive to dangerous activity spaces and had more substance use compared to adolescents with higher levels of executive functioning. Males were more vulnerable to substance use when they felt unsafe in their activity spaces; whereas for females, their perceptions of activity space risk was not associated with substance use. Conclusion: For these adolescents, executive functioning’s moderation of the effect of activity space risk on substance use, is conditional on sex. Understanding the interaction of executive functioning, activity space, and sex could be useful for contextually sensitive substance use interventions with urban youth.

中文翻译:

性别、执行功能和安全感对城市青少年物质使用的影响

摘要背景:在一个人的活动空间(通常常去的地方)内的安全感会降低青少年物质使用的风险。关于城市青少年对物质使用的神经心理脆弱性以及这些可能如何与活动空间风险相互作用知之甚少。关于男性和女性青少年如何应对这些互动的问题尚未得到充分研究。方法:为了检查这些相互作用,我们对 194 名青少年的样本进行了适度的调节分析,以确定执行功能是否调节了活动空间风险对物质使用的影响,以及这种调节是否因性别而异。结果:结果表明,与执行功能水平较高的青少年相比,执行功能水平低的青少年对危险的活动空间更敏感,并且物质使用更多。当男性在活动空间中感到不安全时,他们更容易吸毒;而对于女性而言,她们对活动空间风险的看法与物质使用无关。结论:对于这些青少年,执行功能对活动空间风险对物质使用影响的调节取决于性别。了解执行功能、活动空间和性别之间的相互作用可能有助于对城市青年进行情境敏感的物质使用干预。当男性在活动空间中感到不安全时,他们更容易吸毒;而对于女性而言,她们对活动空间风险的看法与物质使用无关。结论:对于这些青少年,执行功能对活动空间风险对物质使用影响的调节取决于性别。了解执行功能、活动空间和性别之间的相互作用可能有助于对城市青年进行情境敏感的物质使用干预。当男性在活动空间中感到不安全时,他们更容易吸毒;而对于女性而言,她们对活动空间风险的看法与物质使用无关。结论:对于这些青少年,执行功能对活动空间风险对物质使用影响的调节取决于性别。了解执行功能、活动空间和性别之间的相互作用可能有助于对城市青年进行情境敏感的物质使用干预。
更新日期:2019-05-07
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