Abstract Background: Current national prevalence estimates of DSM-5 diagnosed substance use disorders (SUDs) among adults with justice system involvement are lacking. Methods: This study drew from NESARC-III data (n = 36,309; 2012–2013), a nationally representative U.S. sample, to examine current and lifetime alcohol use disorder (AUD) and drug use disorder (DUD) diagnoses among adults reporting current or prior drug-related, alcohol-related, and general legal problems. Results: Adults reporting current alcohol-related legal problems were 22 times more likely to have a current AUD diagnosis (AOR = 22.0, 95% CI = 12.1; 40.1) and 15 times more likely to have had a lifetime AUD diagnosis (AOR = 15.2, 95% CI = 7.5; 30.9) than adults without alcohol-related legal problems. Adults with lifetime drug-related legal problems were 3–5 times more likely to have a current (AOR = 2.6, 95% CI = 2.1; 3.2) and lifetime (AOR = 5.1, 95% CI = 4.3; 6.1) DUD diagnosis, with stimulant use disorder being the most prevalent (AOR = 5.4, 95% CI = 4.5; 6.5). Adults with general legal problems were around 3 times more likely to have a current AUD (AOR = 3.2, 95% CI = 2.6; 4.0) or DUD (AOR = 3.5, 95% CI = 2.8; 4.4). Women with any type of legal problem were more likely to have SUD diagnoses than men. Conclusions: SUD diagnoses are prevalent among adults reporting legal problems, particularly those involving alcohol. There is a continued need for community-based addiction prevention and intervention efforts, especially for women with justice system involvement.

中文翻译：

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美国有法律问题的社区成年人物质使用障碍的患病率

摘要背景：目前缺乏对司法系统参与的成年人中 DSM-5 诊断药物使用障碍 (SUDs) 的全国流行率估计。方法：本研究从具有全国代表性的美国样本 NESARC-III 数据（n = 36,309；2012-2013）中提取，以检查报告当前或报告当前或以前的毒品相关、酒精相关和一般法律问题。结果：报告当前与酒精相关的法律问题的成年人当前诊断为 AUD 的可能性高 22 倍（AOR = 22.0，95% CI = 12.1；40.1），终生诊断 AUD 的可能性高 15 倍（AOR = 15.2 , 95% CI = 7.5; 30.9) 比没有酒精相关法律问题的成年人。终生有药物相关法律问题的成年人接受当前（AOR = 2.6, 95% CI = 2.1; 3.2）和终生（AOR = 5.1, 95% CI = 4.3; 6.1）DUD 诊断的可能性高出 3-5 倍，兴奋剂使用障碍最为普遍（AOR = 5.4, 95% CI = 4.5; 6.5）。有一般法律问题的成年人有当前 AUD (AOR = 3.2, 95% CI = 2.6; 4.0) 或 DUD (AOR = 3.5, 95% CI = 2.8; 4.4) 的可能性大约是 3 倍。有任何类型的法律问题的女性比男性更有可能被诊断为 SUD。结论：SUD 诊断在报告法律问题的成年人中普遍存在，尤其是那些涉及酒精的问题。继续需要以社区为基础的成瘾预防和干预工作，特别是对于参与司法系统的妇女。3；6.1) DUD 诊断，以兴奋剂使用障碍最为普遍（AOR = 5.4, 95% CI = 4.5; 6.5）。有一般法律问题的成年人有当前 AUD (AOR = 3.2, 95% CI = 2.6; 4.0) 或 DUD (AOR = 3.5, 95% CI = 2.8; 4.4) 的可能性大约是 3 倍。有任何类型的法律问题的女性比男性更有可能被诊断为 SUD。结论：SUD 诊断在报告法律问题的成年人中普遍存在，尤其是那些涉及酒精的问题。继续需要以社区为基础的成瘾预防和干预工作，特别是对于参与司法系统的妇女。3；6.1) DUD 诊断，以兴奋剂使用障碍最为普遍（AOR = 5.4, 95% CI = 4.5; 6.5）。有一般法律问题的成年人有当前 AUD (AOR = 3.2, 95% CI = 2.6; 4.0) 或 DUD (AOR = 3.5, 95% CI = 2.8; 4.4) 的可能性大约是 3 倍。有任何类型的法律问题的女性比男性更有可能被诊断为 SUD。结论：SUD 诊断在报告法律问题的成年人中普遍存在，尤其是那些涉及酒精的问题。继续需要以社区为基础的成瘾预防和干预工作，特别是对于参与司法系统的妇女。5、95% CI = 2.8；4.4)。有任何类型的法律问题的女性比男性更有可能被诊断为 SUD。结论：SUD 诊断在报告法律问题的成年人中普遍存在，尤其是那些涉及酒精的问题。继续需要以社区为基础的成瘾预防和干预工作，特别是对于参与司法系统的妇女。5、95% CI = 2.8；4.4)。有任何类型的法律问题的女性比男性更有可能被诊断为 SUD。结论：SUD 诊断在报告法律问题的成年人中普遍存在，尤其是那些涉及酒精的问题。继续需要以社区为基础的成瘾预防和干预工作，特别是对于参与司法系统的妇女。