A zonal hybridization of the RNG k - ε URANS model is proposed for the simulation of turbulent flows in internal combustion engines. The hybrid formulation is able to act as URANS, DES or LES in different zones of the computational domain, which are explicitly set by the user. The resulting model has been implemented in a commercial computational fluid dynamics code and the LES branch of the modified RNG k - ε closure has been initially calibrated on a standard homogeneous turbulence box case. Subsequently, the full zonal formulation has been tested on a fixed intake valve geometry, including comparisons with third-party experimental data. The core of the work is represented by a multi-cycle analysis of the TCC-III experimental engine configuration, which has been compared with the experiments and with prior full-LES computational studies. The applicability of the hybrid turbulence model to internal combustion engine flows is demonstrated, and PIV-like flow statistics quantitatively validate the model performance. This study shows a pioneering application of zonal hybrid models in engine-relevant simulation campaigns, emphasizing the relevance of hybrid models for turbulent engine flows.

中文翻译：

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验证用于多循环发动机流动模拟的区域混合 URANS/LES 湍流建模方法

提出了 RNG k - ε URANS 模型的带状混合，用于模拟内燃机中的湍流。混合公式能够在计算域的不同区域中充当 URANS、DES 或 LES，这些区域由用户明确设置。所得模型已在商业计算流体动力学代码中实现，修改后的 RNG k - ε 闭包的 LES 分支已初步在标准均匀湍流箱情况下校准。随后，在固定的进气门几何结构上测试了完整的分区公式，包括与第三方实验数据的比较。这项工作的核心是对 TCC-III 实验发动机配置的多循环分析，并将其与实验和之前的全 LES 计算研究进行了比较。证明了混合湍流模型对内燃机流动的适用性，并且类似 PIV 的流动统计定量验证了模型性能。这项研究展示了区域混合模型在发动机相关模拟活动中的开创性应用，强调了混合模型与发动机湍流的相关性。