Marine tidal heterotardigrades (Echiniscoididae) have gained increasing interest owing to their unique adaptations and evolutionary position, bridging marine and limnoterrestrial taxa. Echiniscoididae was established to accommodate the marine genera Anisonyches and Echiniscoides. However, it has become apparent that Anisonyches, with its claw configuration, median cirrus and seminal receptacles, clearly has little or no affinity to tidal echiniscoidids with supernumerary claws. Consequently, we establish Anisonychidae fam. nov. to accommodate Anisonyches in a paraphyletic Arthrotardigrada and discuss its affinity to other heterotardigrade taxa. We recently split Echiniscoides into Isoechiniscoides and Echiniscoides s.l. The latter remains a miscellany of species complexes and undescribed genera, and it has become evident that a larger number of echiniscoidids belonging to Echiniscoides, Isoechiniscoides and undescribed genera coexist in intertidal sediments. Here, we erect Neoechiniscoides aski gen. nov., sp. nov. from Roscoff, France, which has a unique anal system, characterized by prominent lateral lobes with a set of wing-like structures. Phylogenetic analyses based on COI sequences infer a close relationship between N. aski, an undescribed species from Roscoff and unidentified species from Maine, USA. We propose that the new genus includes the former Echiniscoides species Echiniscoides pollocki and Echiniscoides horningi, which we hereby transfer.

中文翻译：

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正在进行中的棘皮动物科（Heterotardigrada：Echiniscoidea）的修订，描述了具有独特肛门结构的新间质种和属

海洋潮汐杂种（Echiniscoididae）由于其独特的适应性和进化地位而获得了越来越多的关注，它们架起了海洋和边缘类群的桥梁。建立棘e科是为了容纳海洋属Anisonyches和Echiniscoides。然而，显而易见的是Anisonyches，以其爪构造，中值Cirrus和精液的容器，显然具有很少或根本没有亲和性的潮汐echiniscoidids与赘爪。因此，我们建立了Anisonychidae fam。十一月 以将Anisonyches容纳在副生的关节纲动物中，并讨论其与其他异源纲分类群的亲和力。我们最近将棘皮动物分为异硬脂酸和棘皮isco虫s仍然是物种复合体和未描述属的杂类，而且很明显，潮间带沉积物中共存有大量的属于棘皮,、异硬壳脂和未描述属的棘枝id。在这里，我们架设了Neoechiniscoides aski gen。十一月，sp。十一月 来自法国的罗斯科夫（Roscoff），具有独特的肛门系统，其特征在于突出的侧叶具有一组翼状结构。基于COI序列的系统发育分析推断N. aski之间的密切关系，来自Roscoff的未描述物种和来自美国缅因州的未识别物种。我们建议新属包括前Echiniscoides种Echiniscoides pollocki和Echiniscoides horningi，我们特此转让。