The voltage characteristics of a half-wavelength transmission (HWLT) system lack mechanism explanation and systematic summary. In this paper, both the steady-state and fault voltage characteristics are analyzed and explained based on the wave process method. An analysis model is established for HWLT lines and wave propagation equations with different terminal conditions are deduced. For steady-state conditions, voltage profiles along HWLT lines are depicted and partial overvoltage occurs when there is an overload or low-power factor. In addition, fault voltage characteristics are analyzed under load-rejection or short-circuit conditions. The series resonance overvoltage will happen when short-circuit faults occur at certain positions and its peak value is influenced by grid strength or fault type. Furthermore, a refined transmission line model is presented to consider non-ideal factors and simulation results demonstrate that geomorphic conditions and electromagnetic environments influence line voltage characteristics to a certain extent.

中文翻译：

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基于波法的超高压半波传输系统的电压特性分析

半波长传输（HWLT）系统的电压特性缺乏机理解释和系统总结。本文基于波动过程方法对稳态和故障电压特性进行了分析和说明。建立了HWLT线的分析模型，推导了不同终端条件下的波传播方程。对于稳态条件，描绘了沿HWLT线的电压曲线，当存在过载或低功率因数时会发生部分过压。此外，在甩负荷或短路条件下分析故障电压特性。当在某些位置发生短路故障并且其峰值受电网强度或故障类型的影响时，会发生串联谐振过电压。此外，