Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the leading chronic skin inflammatory disease and the initial manifestation of atopic march. Available evidence supports the notion that primary prevention early in life leads to a decreased incidence of AD, thus possibly decreasing the subsequent occurrence of atopic march. Nutritional status is essential to a proper functioning immune system and is valued for its important role in AD. Essential nutrients, which include carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, and minerals, are transferred from the mother to the fetus through the placenta during gestation. Various nutrients, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and vitamin D, were studied in relation to maternal status and offspring allergy. However, no strong evidence indicates that a single nutrient or food in mothers’ diet significantly affects the risk of childhood AD. In the light of current evidence, mothers should not either increase nor avoid consuming these nutrients to prevent or ameliorate allergic diseases in their offspring. Each essential nutrient has an important role in fetal development, and current government recommendations suggest specific intake amounts for pregnant women. This review discusses evidence on how various nutrients, including lipids (monounsaturated fatty acids, PUFAs, saturated fatty acids, and short-chain fatty acids), carbohydrates (oligosaccharides and polysaccharides), proteins, vitamins (A, B, C, D, and E), and trace minerals (magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, selenium, and strontium) in maternal status are associated with the development of AD and their possible mechanisms.

特应性皮炎（AD）是主要的慢性皮肤炎性疾病，是特应性行军的初始表现。现有证据支持这样一种观点，即生命早期的一级预防可降低 AD 的发病率，从而可能减少随后发生的特应性病变。营养状况对于正常运作的免疫系统至关重要，并且因其在 AD 中的重要作用而受到重视。必需营养素，包括碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂质、维生素和矿物质，在妊娠期间通过胎盘从母体转移到胎儿。研究了多种营养素，如多不饱和脂肪酸 (PUFA) 和维生素 D，与母体状况和后代过敏的关系。然而，没有强有力的证据表明母亲饮食中的单一营养素或食物会显着影响儿童患 AD 的风险。根据目前的证据，母亲不应增加或避免摄入这些营养素以预防或改善后代的过敏性疾病。每种必需营养素在胎儿发育中都起着重要作用，目前的政府建议建议孕妇的特定摄入量。这篇综述讨论了各种营养物质，包括脂质（单不饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸、饱和脂肪酸和短链脂肪酸）、碳水化合物（低聚糖和多糖）、蛋白质、维生素（A、B、C、D 和E)、微量矿物质（镁、铁、锌、铜、硒、