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Innate immunity of Florida cane toads: how dispersal has affected physiological responses to LPS
Journal of Comparative Physiology B ( IF 2 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-18 , DOI: 10.1007/s00360-020-01272-7
Steven T Gardner 1 , Vania R Assis 2 , Kyra M Smith 1 , Arthur G Appel 3 , Mary T Mendonça 1
Affiliation  

Physiological tradeoffs occur in organisms coping with their environments, which are likely to increase as populations reach peripheries of established ranges. Invasive species offer opportunities to study tradeoffs that occur, with many hypotheses focusing on how immune responses vary during dispersal. The cane toad ( Rhinella marina ) is a well-known invasive species. Populations near the expanding edge of the Australian invasion have altered immune responses compared to toads from longer-established core populations, although this has not been well-documented for Florida populations. In this study, cane toads from a northern edge [New Port Richey (NPR)] and southern core (Miami) population in Florida were collected and injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to compare immune responses. Core population individuals injected with LPS showed greater metabolic increases compared to their baseline rates that were higher compared to those from the edge population. In addition, LPS-injected core individuals had different circulating leukocyte profiles compared to saline-injected cane toads while edge individuals did not. There was a significant interaction between plasma bacteria-killing capability (BKA) and treatment, such that BKA decreased with time in saline compared to LPS-injected individuals, and saline-injected toads from the edge population had lower BKA compared to LPS-injected edge toads at 20 h post-injection. There was also a significant interaction between location and time on circulating corticosterone (CORT) levels following injections with saline or LPS, with CORT decreasing more with time in core population toads. The differential CORT response indicates that differential stress responses contribute to the tradeoffs observed with immunity and dispersal.

中文翻译:

佛罗里达甘蔗蟾蜍的先天免疫:传播如何影响对 LPS 的生理反应

生理权衡发生在生物体应对其环境中,随着种群到达既定范围的外围,这种权衡可能会增加。入侵物种提供了研究发生的权衡的机会,许多假设集中在传播过程中免疫反应的变化。甘蔗蟾蜍(Rhinella marina)是一种众所周知的入侵物种。与来自历史悠久的核心种群的蟾蜍相比,靠近澳大利亚入侵扩张边缘的种群已经改变了免疫反应,尽管佛罗里达种群的这一点尚未得到充分证明。在这项研究中,来自佛罗里达州北部边缘 [New Port Richey (NPR)] 和南部核心 (Miami) 种群的甘蔗蟾蜍被收集并注射脂多糖 (LPS) 以比较免疫反应。与边缘人群相比,注射 LPS 的核心人群个体表现出更高的代谢增加。此外,与注射盐水的甘蔗蟾蜍相比,注射 LPS 的核心个体具有不同的循环白细胞特征,而边缘个体则没有。血浆杀菌能力 (BKA) 和治疗之间存在显着的相互作用,例如与注射 LPS 的个体相比,盐水中的 BKA 随着时间的推移而降低,并且与注射 LPS 的边缘相比,来自边缘种群的盐水注射蟾蜍具有更低的 BKA注射后 20 小时的蟾蜍。注射生理盐水或 LPS 后,循环皮质酮 (CORT) 水平的位置和时间之间也存在显着的相互作用,在核心种群蟾蜍中,CORT 随时间下降更多。
更新日期:2020-03-18
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