Solar energetic particles (SEPs) are an important product of solar activity. They are connected to solar active regions and flares, coronal mass ejections (CMEs), EUV waves, shocks, Type II and III radio emissions, and X-ray bursts. These phenomena are major probes of the partition of energy in solar eruptions, as well as for the organization, dynamics, and relaxation of coronal and interplanetary magnetic fields. Many of these phenomena cause terrestrial space weather, posing multiple hazards for humans and their technology from space to the ground. Since particular flares, shocks, CMEs, and EUV waves produce SEP events but others do not, since propagation effects from the low corona to 1 AU appear important for some events but not others, and since Type II and III radio emissions and X-ray bursts are sometimes produced by energetic particles leaving these acceleration sites, it is necessary to study the whole system with a multi-frequency and multi-instrument perspective that combines both in-situ and remote observations with detailed modeling of phenomena. This article demonstrates this comprehensive approach and shows its necessity by analyzing a trio of unusual and striking solar eruptions, radio and X-ray bursts, and SEP events that occurred on 4 November 2015. These events show both strong similarities and differences from standard events and each other, despite having very similar interplanetary conditions and only two flare sites and CME genesis regions. They are therefore major targets for further in-depth observational studies, and for testing both existing and new theories and models. We present the complete suite of relevant observations, complement them with initial modeling results for the SEPs and interplanetary magnetic connectivity, and develop a plausible scenario for the eruptions. Perhaps controversially, the SEPs appear to be reasonably modelled and evidence points to significant non-Parker magnetic fields. Based on the very limited modeling available, we identify the aspects that are and are not understood, and we discuss ideas that may lead to improved understanding of the SEP, radio, and space-weather events.

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通过远程和原位观测和建模对太阳爆发的综合表征：2015 年 11 月 4 日的主要太阳事件

太阳高能粒子 (SEP) 是太阳活动的重要产物。它们与太阳活动区和耀斑、日冕物质抛射 (CME)、EUV 波、冲击、II 型和 III 型无线电发射以及 X 射线爆发有关。这些现象是太阳爆发中能量分配以及日冕和行星际磁场的组织、动力学和弛豫的主要探索。其中许多现象会导致地球空间天气，对人类及其从太空到地面的技术构成多重危险。由于特定的耀斑、冲击、CME 和 EUV 波会产生 SEP 事件，而其他不会，因为从低日冕到 1 AU 的传播效应对某些事件似乎很重要，但对其他事件则不重要，由于 II 型和 III 型无线电发射和 X 射线爆发有时是由离开这些加速点的高能粒子产生的，因此有必要以结合原位和远程的多频率和多仪器视角研究整个系统。观察与现象的详细建模。本文通过分析 2015 年 11 月 4 日发生的三场不寻常且引人注目的太阳爆发、射电暴和 X 射线爆发以及 SEP 事件，展示了这种综合方法并展示了其必要性。尽管具有非常相似的行星际条件，并且只有两个耀斑点和 CME 起源区，但它们彼此之间存在差异。因此，它们是进一步深入观察研究的主要目标，以及测试现有的和新的理论和模型。我们展示了完整的相关观测结果套件，用 SEP 和行星际磁连通性的初始建模结果对其进行补充，并为喷发制定一个合理的方案。也许有争议的是，SEP 似乎是合理建模的，并且有证据表明存在显着的非帕克磁场。基于可用的非常有限的模型，我们确定了了解和不了解的方面，并讨论了可能导致更好地了解 SEP、无线电和空间天气事件的想法。SEP 似乎是合理建模的，并且有证据表明存在显着的非帕克磁场。基于可用的非常有限的模型，我们确定了了解和不了解的方面，并讨论了可能导致更好地了解 SEP、无线电和空间天气事件的想法。SEP 似乎是合理建模的，并且有证据表明存在显着的非帕克磁场。基于可用的非常有限的模型，我们确定了了解和不了解的方面，并讨论了可能导致更好地了解 SEP、无线电和空间天气事件的想法。