Waldgirmes in Hesse (Germany) is one of the oldest Roman towns east of the Rhine River. It was founded in 3 bc and abandoned after ad 9, probably in ad 16, when the departing soldiers set fire to the town. In one of the two excavated wells, partially laminated, organic-rich sediments have been preserved which were deposited during the colonisation of the town. The pollen, plant macro-remains and micromorphological sampling strategy of the well sediment allows us to draw a detailed picture of the vegetation and its development in and around the settlement area. Through thin section analyses, the stratigraphy and composition of sediments could be differentiated in more detail. Deriving from different source areas, the pollen and plant macro-remains assemblages gave insights into the tree species composition of the surroundings as well as the vegetation in the settlement. The town was founded within a cultural landscape that had existed for centuries, and not in the dense dark Germanic forests described by Tacitus around ad 100. The contemporaneous woodlands were dominated by oaks. In the well within the town, not only characteristic components of urban waste (bones, charcoal, ash), but also plant remains from the immediate surroundings (pollen, phytoliths, seeds, fruits, leaves) were preserved. Typical urban vegetation from trodden paths, nutrient-enriched sites, and grazing areas could be reconstructed. Thick leaf layers prove the presence of trees, especially oaks, close to the well. Horticulture is evident through cultural indicators, and there are also signs of cereal processing within the settlement.

中文翻译：

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Waldgirmes（德国黑森）的一口罗马井：植物宏观遗迹和微观形态学研究支持的孢粉学分析

黑森州的Waldgirmes（德国）是莱茵河以东最古老的罗马城镇之一。它始建于3 BC和废弃后的广告9，大概在广告16日，当离任士兵向城镇放火时。在两个挖掘的井中的一个中，保留了部分层压的富含有机物的沉积物，这些沉积物是在该镇殖民期间沉积的。花粉，植物宏观残留物和井底沉积物的微观形态采样策略使我们能够详细了解定居点及其周围地区的植被及其发展。通过薄层分析，可以更详细地区分沉积物的地层和成分。花粉和植物的宏观残留物来自不同的来源地区，可以洞悉周围的树木物种组成以及定居点的植被。该镇建立在一个已经存在了数百年的文化景观中，公元100年。同期林地以橡树为主。在城镇内的井中，不仅保留了城市垃圾的特征成分（骨头，木炭，灰烬），还保留了附近环境中的植物残骸（花粉，植物石料，种子，水果，树叶）。可以重建从崎paths的小径，营养丰富的地点和放牧地带开始的典型城市植被。厚厚的叶子层证明了靠近井的地方有树木，尤其是橡树。通过文化指标可以明显看出园艺，在定居点内也有谷物加工的迹象。