College/university campuses comprise a distinct type of urban interface, with their generally expansive spatial pattern of alternating permanent structures, parking lots, and green spaces. The campus of the University of West Florida (UWF) in Pensacola, Florida, was constructed among second-growth longleaf pine stands recovering from extensive logging in the western-most extent of the Panhandle, with the original campus design deliberately carried out to maintain original contours and minimize tree removal. The extended campus includes a fire-excluded, longleaf-dominated landscape with active gopher tortoise populations confined to power line right-of-ways. This study (1) examined burrowing effects on soils and plant communities, and (2) estimated the age of longleaf pine stems (trees) around campus to assess the influence of human activity on population structure. Gopher tortoise sampling was confined to three discrete areas (types) for each burrow: apron (redistributed soil outside burrow), burrow (soil above burrowed cavity), and matrix (unaltered surrounding area). Within one 0.1 m² quadrat/sample type for each of 16 burrows, density was determined for all vascular species; mineral soil was taken to a 5-cm depth. Air-dried soil was analyzed for pH, organic matter (OM), cation exchange capacity (CEC), extractable macro- and micronutrients, and extractable aluminum. All longleaf stems >2.5 cm diameter at breast height (DBH) were measured for DBH. Stem age was estimated with an allometric equation. Plant density was reduced by burrowing 7-fold on apron versus burrow and matrix sites, which did not vary between each other. Soil variables did not vary between burrow and matrix samples. Apron soils were significantly lower in pH, OM, CEC, and cations. Soil NO₃⁻ was ~3-fold higher in apron soils. Age structure of longleaf pine on campus revealed that nearly 2/3 of all stems are between 75 and 125 years old, consistent with the cessation of extensive logging of longleaf in this region.

中文翻译：

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西佛罗里达大学校园生态系统研究：城市交界处的地鼠陆龟和长叶松种群

大学/大学校园包括独特的城市界面类型，其空间格局通常是交替的永久性结构，停车场和绿色空间。位于佛罗里达州彭萨科拉的西佛罗里达大学（UWF）校园是在第二生长的长叶松林中建造的，该松林从Panhandle最西端的广泛伐木中恢复过来，并刻意进行原始校园设计以保持原始轮廓并最小化树木的去除。扩建的校园包括防火，长叶为主的景观，活跃的地鼠陆龟种群仅限于电力线。这项研究（1）研究了挖穴对土壤和植物群落的影响，（2）估算校园周围的长叶松树茎（树）的年龄，以评估人类活动对人口结构的影响。对于每个洞穴，地鼠陆龟采样被限制在三个离散的区域（类型）：围裙（洞穴外的分布土壤），洞穴（洞穴内的土壤）和基质（周围区域未改变）。一0.1m以内对于16个洞穴，每个洞穴有^2个样方/样本类型，确定了所有血管物种的密度；矿物土壤被带到5厘米深。对风干的土壤进行了pH，有机物（OM），阳离子交换容量（CEC），可提取的大量和微量营养素以及可提取的铝的分析。测量所有在胸高（DBH）上直径大于2.5厘米的长叶茎的DBH。茎的年龄用异速方程估算。通过在围裙上挖7倍的土壤密度，可以降低植株密度，而在挖土和基质部位，彼此之间没有变化。洞穴和基质样品之间的土壤变量没有变化。围裙土壤的pH，OM，CEC和阳离子含量显着降低。土壤NO ₃ ^-在围裙土壤中大约高3倍。校园中长叶松的年龄结构表明，近2/3的茎在75至125岁之间，这与该地区停止广泛采伐长叶相吻合。