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Endosymbiotic dinoflagellates pump iron: differences in iron and other trace metal needs among the Symbiodiniaceae
Coral Reefs ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-06 , DOI: 10.1007/s00338-020-01911-z
Hannah G. Reich , Irene B. Rodriguez , Todd C. LaJeunesse , Tung-Yuan Ho

Iron (Fe) is essential to the physiology and growth of marine phytoplankton. It remains unclear how important iron is to the functional ecology of symbiotic dinoflagellates in the family Symbiodiniaceae, and whether limitations in iron ultimately affect the health and productivity of coral hosts, especially during episodes of ocean warming. Five Symbiodiniaceae species (spanning three genera) were used to investigate the effects of reduced iron availability on cell growth and the acquisition of other trace metals. When grown under iron replete conditions, intracellular iron quotas (content) reflected a large biochemical demand and ranged from 7.8 to 23.1 mmol Fe mol Phosphorus−1. Symbiodinium necroappetens was the only species that acclimated and maintained high growth rates while subjected to the lowest iron treatment (250 pM Fe′). Cultures surviving under low iron concentrations experienced changes in cellular concentrations (and presumably their use as cofactors) of other trace metals (e.g., zinc, copper, cobalt, manganese, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium), in ways that were species-specific, and possibly related to the natural ecology of each species. These changes in trace metal contents may have cascading effects on vital biochemical functions such as metalloenzyme activities, photosynthetic performance, and macronutrient assimilation. Furthermore, these species-specific responses to iron limitation provide a basis for investigations on how iron availability effects cellular processes among species and genera of Symbiodiniaceae, and ultimately how metal shortages modulate the response of coral–algal mutualisms to physiological stressors.

中文翻译:

内共生鞭毛藻泵铁:共生科之间铁和其他微量金属需求的差异

铁 (Fe) 对海洋浮游植物的生理和生长至关重要。目前尚不清楚铁对共生藻科共生鞭毛藻的功能生态学有多重要,以及铁的限制是否最终影响珊瑚宿主的健康和生产力,尤其是在海洋变暖期间。五种共生菌科物种(跨越三个属)用于研究铁利用率降低对细胞生长和其他微量金属获取的影响。在铁充足的条件下生长时,细胞内铁配额(含量)反映了大量的生化需求,范围为 7.8 至 23.1 mmol Fe mol Phosphorus−1。Symbiodinium necroappetens 是唯一一种在接受最低铁处理 (250 pM Fe') 时适应并保持高生长速率的物种。在低铁浓度下存活的培养物经历了其他痕量金属(例如,锌、铜、钴、锰、镍、钼、钒)的细胞浓度(并且可能用作辅助因子)的变化,其方式具有物种特异性,并且可能与每个物种的自然生态有关。微量金属含量的这些变化可能对重要的生化功能(例如金属酶活性、光合性能和常量营养素同化)产生连锁效应。此外,这些对铁限制的物种特异性反应为研究铁的可用性如何影响共生科物种和属之间的细胞过程,以及最终金属短缺如何调节珊瑚-藻类共生对生理压力的反应提供了基础。
更新日期:2020-03-06
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