In our daily life, we are surrounded by harmful pollutants, including heavy metals that are not visible in the macroscopic view easily. Heavy metals can disrupt different aspects of human health, such as the immune system which has gained a lot of attention in recent decades. This had led to its rapid progression and new insights into its alterations in different diseases especially cancer. Heavy metals are non-biodegradable materials that exist in different parts of the food cycle, such as fruits and vegetables as commonly consumed foods and also unexpected sources such as street dust, that exists in the streets that we pass every day, soil, air, and water. These heavy metals can enter the human body through respiratory, cutaneous, and gastrointestinal pathways and then accumulate in different organs, leading to their encountering with various parts of the body. These sources and natural characteristics of heavy metals facilitate their interaction with the immune system. In this review, we investigated the effect of lead and cadmium, as pollutants that exist in many different parts of the human environment, on the immune system which is known to have a key role in the pathophysiology of cancer.

中文翻译：

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铅和镉对免疫系统和癌症进展的影响。

在我们的日常生活中，我们被有害的污染物所包围，其中包括在宏观视图中不容易看到的重金属。重金属会破坏人体健康的各个方面，例如免疫系统，近几十年来，免疫系统已引起广泛关注。这导致了它的快速发展，并使其在不同疾病（尤其是癌症）中的改变有了新的见解。重金属是在食物循环的不同部分中存在的不可生物降解的材料，例如水果和蔬菜（通常食用的食物），以及我们日常通过的街道中存在的意料之外的来源（如街道灰尘），土壤，空气，和水。这些重金属可以通过呼吸，皮肤和胃肠道进入人体，然后在不同器官中积累，导致他们与身体的各个部位相遇。这些重金属的来源和自然特性促进了它们与免疫系统的相互作用。在这篇综述中，我们研究了铅和镉（作为存在于人类环境许多不同部分的污染物）对免疫系统的影响，免疫系统已知在癌症的病理生理学中具有关键作用。