Suicidal erythrocyte death, or eryptosis, is the key event in eliciting anemia in numerous pathological conditions, including diabetes, chronic kidney disease, cancer, sepsis, etc. Oxidative stress is an important trigger in the acceleration of erythrocyte loss via eryptosis and an underlying mechanism of anemia emergence in the above pathologies. Therefore, there is an increasing demand for identification of antioxidants and anti-eryptotic agents forthe management of stress-related ailments. Here, we demonstrated the antioxidant and anti-eryptotic properties of the tamarind seed coat ethanol extract (TSCEE) against 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH)-induced oxidative stress and eryptosis. The presence of probable secondary metabolites in the TSCEE extract was investigated by RP-HPLC. Active groups present in the TSCEE were studied by the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Cyclic voltammetric studies confirmed the antioxidant potential of TSCEE. The protective effect of TSCEE on red blood cells was confirmed by assessing various eryptotic markers, such as reactive oxygen species generation, intracellular calcium levels, and phosphatidylserine exposure. TSCEE reduced lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl content and restored the levels of glutathione, antioxidant enzymes, and enzymes involved in glutathione replenishment. In conclusion, TSCEE was found to exhibit multiple therapeutic properties, which makes it a. promising agent for treating oxidative stress-induced eryptosis and subsequent anemia in various pathologies.

中文翻译：

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罗望子种皮乙醇提取物对氧化应激诱导的眼睑下垂的保护作用

自杀性红细胞死亡或红细胞增多症是在许多病理状况下引发贫血的关键事件，包括糖尿病、慢性肾病、癌症、败血症等。氧化应激是通过红细胞增多症加速红细胞损失的重要触发因素和潜在机制贫血出现在上述病理。因此，越来越需要鉴定用于治疗压力相关疾病的抗氧化剂和抗红细胞分裂剂。在这里，我们展示了罗望子种皮乙醇提取物 (TSCEE) 对 2,2'-偶氮二 (2-脒基丙烷) 二盐酸盐 (AAPH) 诱导的氧化应激和细胞凋亡的抗氧化和抗红细胞分裂特性。通过 RP-HPLC 研究 TSCEE 提取物中可能存在的次级代谢物。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱研究了 TSCEE 中存在的活性基团。循环伏安研究证实了 TSCEE 的抗氧化潜力。TSCEE 对红细胞的保护作用通过评估各种红细胞标志物得到证实，例如活性氧的产生、细胞内钙水平和磷脂酰丝氨酸暴露。TSCEE 降低脂质过氧化和蛋白质羰基含量，并恢复谷胱甘肽、抗氧化酶和参与谷胱甘肽补充的酶的水平。总之，发现 TSCEE 表现出多种治疗特性，这使它成为一个。治疗氧化应激诱导的红细胞增多症和随后的各种病理性贫血的有希望的药物。循环伏安研究证实了 TSCEE 的抗氧化潜力。TSCEE 对红细胞的保护作用通过评估各种红细胞标志物得到证实，例如活性氧的产生、细胞内钙水平和磷脂酰丝氨酸暴露。TSCEE 降低脂质过氧化和蛋白质羰基含量，并恢复谷胱甘肽、抗氧化酶和参与谷胱甘肽补充的酶的水平。总之，发现 TSCEE 表现出多种治疗特性，这使它成为一个。治疗氧化应激诱导的红细胞增多症和随后的各种病理性贫血的有希望的药物。循环伏安研究证实了 TSCEE 的抗氧化潜力。TSCEE 对红细胞的保护作用通过评估各种红细胞标志物得到证实，例如活性氧的产生、细胞内钙水平和磷脂酰丝氨酸暴露。TSCEE 降低脂质过氧化和蛋白质羰基含量，并恢复谷胱甘肽、抗氧化酶和参与谷胱甘肽补充的酶的水平。总之，发现 TSCEE 表现出多种治疗特性，这使它成为一个。治疗氧化应激诱导的红细胞增多症和随后的各种病理性贫血的有希望的药物。细胞内钙水平和磷脂酰丝氨酸暴露。TSCEE 降低脂质过氧化和蛋白质羰基含量，并恢复谷胱甘肽、抗氧化酶和参与谷胱甘肽补充的酶的水平。总之，发现 TSCEE 表现出多种治疗特性，这使它成为一个。治疗氧化应激诱导的红细胞增多症和随后的各种病理性贫血的有希望的药物。细胞内钙水平和磷脂酰丝氨酸暴露。TSCEE 降低脂质过氧化和蛋白质羰基含量，并恢复谷胱甘肽、抗氧化酶和参与谷胱甘肽补充的酶的水平。总之，发现 TSCEE 表现出多种治疗特性，这使它成为一个。治疗氧化应激诱导的红细胞增多症和随后的各种病理性贫血的有希望的药物。