Abstract The recovery of rare-earth metals (REMs) is of great economic and environmental interest, because of their high market prices and various industrial applications. Recently, with the increasing demand for high-purity rare-earth compounds, the separation and purification of these elements have gained considerable attention. The bio/adsorption process has been considered an alternative to recover these elements, by its simplicity, low cost and efficiency for recovery of REMs at low concentrations. This review article presents the recent progress regarding REM bio/adsorption published literature in batch system by different non-conventional bio/adsorbents, as well as a critical analysis of the technological challenges to be faced and future prospects. For this purpose, the best application model (isotherm, kinetics), thermodynamic quantities and selection of eluents for desorption studies are also discussed. Additionally, in this review, the application of different bio/adsorbent materials were reviewed extensively in terms of the removal and recovery of REMs in continuous fixed-bed adsorption and regeneration cycles. Finally, future aspects in bio/adsorption research and prospects for commercial applications were discussed.

中文翻译：

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使用非常规材料通过生物/吸附从水溶液中回收稀土金属：近期研究综述和色谱柱应用中的有前景的方法

摘要 稀土金属 (REM) 的回收具有巨大的经济和环境价值，因为它们的市场价格高且工业应用广泛。近年来，随着对高纯度稀土化合物的需求不断增加，这些元素的分离纯化得到了相当多的关注。生物/吸附过程被认为是回收这些元素的替代方法，因为它简单、成本低、回收低浓度 REM 的效率高。这篇综述文章介绍了不同非常规生物/吸附剂在批处理系统中 REM 生物/吸附已发表文献的最新进展，以及对面临的技术挑战和未来前景的批判性分析。为此，最好的应用模型（等温线、动力学），还讨论了用于解吸研究的热力学量和洗脱液的选择。此外，在这篇综述中，在连续固定床吸附和再生循环中，REMs 的去除和回收方面对不同生物/吸附材料的应用进行了广泛的审查。最后，讨论了生物/吸附研究的未来方面和商业应用的前景。