Migraine and sleep disorders in children exhibit a bidirectional relationship. This relationship is based on shared pathophysiology. Migraine involves activation of the trigeminal vascular system. Nociceptive neurons that innervate the dura release various vasoactive peptides. Calcitonin gene-related peptide is the most active of these peptides. Neural pathways that are involved in sleep generation are divided into those responsible for circadian rhythm, wake promotion, non–rapid eye movement, and rapid eye movement sleep activation. Sleep state switches are a critical component of these systems. The cerebral structures, networks, and neurochemical systems that are involved in migraine align closely with those responsible for the regulation of sleep. Neurochemical systems that are involved with both the pathogenesis of migraine and regulation of sleep include adenosine, melatonin, orexin, and calcitonin gene-related peptide. Sleep disorders represent the most common comorbidity with migraine in childhood. The prevalence of parasomnias, obstructive sleep apnea, and sleep-related movement disorders is significantly greater in children migraineurs. Infantile colic is a precursor of childhood migraine. Treatment of comorbid sleep disorders is important for the appropriate management of children with migraine. Sleep-based behavioral interventions can be of substantial benefit. These interventions are particularly important in children due to limited evidence for effective migraine pharmacotherapy.

儿童偏头痛和睡眠障碍表现出双向关系。这种关系是基于共同的病理生理学。偏头痛涉及三叉神经血管系统的激活。支配硬脑膜的伤害性神经元释放各种血管活性肽。降钙素基因相关肽是这些肽中最活跃的。参与睡眠产生的神经途径可分为昼夜节律，促醒，非快速眼动和快速眼动睡眠激活。睡眠状态开关是这些系统的关键组件。偏头痛所涉及的大脑结构，网络和神经化学系统与负责睡眠调节的神经结构密切相关。与偏头痛的发病机制和睡眠调节有关的神经化学系统包括腺苷，褪黑激素，食欲素和降钙素基因相关肽。睡眠障碍是儿童期最常见的偏头痛合并症。儿童偏头痛患者中，失眠，阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停和睡眠相关的运动障碍的患病率明显更高。婴儿绞痛是儿童偏头痛的先兆。对合并症的睡眠障碍的治疗对于偏头痛儿童的适当治疗很重要。基于睡眠的行为干预可能会带来很多好处。由于有效的偏头痛药物治疗的证据有限，这些干预对儿童尤其重要。睡眠障碍是儿童期最常见的偏头痛合并症。儿童偏头痛患者中，失眠，阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停和睡眠相关的运动障碍的患病率明显更高。婴儿绞痛是儿童偏头痛的先兆。对合并症的睡眠障碍的治疗对于偏头痛儿童的适当治疗很重要。基于睡眠的行为干预可能会带来很多好处。由于有效的偏头痛药物治疗的证据有限，因此这些干预对儿童尤其重要。睡眠障碍是儿童期最常见的偏头痛合并症。儿童偏头痛患者中，失眠，阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停和与睡眠有关的运动障碍的患病率明显更高。婴儿绞痛是儿童偏头痛的先兆。对合并症的睡眠障碍的治疗对于偏头痛儿童的适当治疗很重要。基于睡眠的行为干预可能会带来很多好处。由于有效的偏头痛药物治疗的证据有限，因此这些干预对儿童尤其重要。对合并症的睡眠障碍的治疗对于偏头痛儿童的适当治疗很重要。基于睡眠的行为干预可能会带来很多好处。由于有效的偏头痛药物治疗的证据有限，因此这些干预对儿童尤其重要。对合并症的睡眠障碍的治疗对于偏头痛儿童的适当治疗很重要。基于睡眠的行为干预可能会带来很多好处。由于有效的偏头痛药物治疗的证据有限，因此这些干预对儿童尤其重要。