Manufacturing companies are increasingly moving toward delivering combinations of products and services to provide higher value to their customers. The development of such Product Service Systems (PSS) escalates in complexity when several products developed by different suppliers need to be integrated into a unique system. For first tier suppliers, it is a great challenge to model and simulate the impact of changing design variables at the micro-level on both hardware properties and governing behaviors of services over the entire life-cycle of the PSS. The paper describes a model-based approach developed to estimate the life cycle cost of a PSS hardware already at a concept design stage. The proposed approach computes the relative cost efficiency of a set of design variants using as input the data generated by the simulations run in the Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) environment. The approach allows the exploration of the design space of a PSS given by the variation of the geometry of a Computer Aided Design (CAD) model, building on the computation of customized cost modules selected by a generic list of PSS cost dimensions. For each evaluated design case, the model produces as output a unique monetary figure of the cost expected to incur by owning or using the asset throughout the lifetime. The work has been conducted in collaboration with a tier-one aerospace component manufacturer, and the application of the model is exemplified through a case study related to the development of a turbine rear structure (TRS) for commercial jet engines. The approach is most suitable for the development of complex systems in which new products and components are integrated into a shared product platform. The results are discussed in relation to the current literature on PSS cost engineering, highlighting challenges to be addressed to increase cost estimation accuracy and increase uncertainty identification and awareness.

制造业公司越来越倾向于提供产品和服务的组合，以为其客户提供更高的价值。当需要将不同供应商开发的几种产品集成到一个独特的系统中时，此类产品服务系统（PSS）的开发将变得越来越复杂。对于一线供应商而言，在PSS的整个生命周期中，建模和模拟更改设计变量在微观级别对硬件属性和服务行为的影响是巨大的挑战。本文介绍了一种基于模型的方法，该方法旨在在概念设计阶段就估算PSS硬件的生命周期成本。所提出的方法使用在计算机辅助工程（CAE）环境中运行的模拟生成的数据作为输入来计算一组设计变体的相对成本效率。该方法允许在计算机辅助设计（CAD）模型的几何形状变化的基础上，通过对PSS成本维度的通用列表选择的定制成本模块进行计算，来探索PSS的设计空间。对于每个评估的设计案例，模型都会在输出中生成唯一的货币数字，该数字表示在整个生命周期中通过拥有或使用资产预期产生的成本。该工作是与一级航空零部件制造商合作完成的，并通过与商用喷气发动机涡轮后部结构（TRS）开发相关的案例研究来举例说明该模型的应用。该方法最适合开发将新产品和组件集成到共享产品平台中的复杂系统。结合有关PSS成本工程的最新文献对结果进行了讨论，重点介绍了要提高成本估算的准确性并提高不确定性识别和意识的挑战。