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Walk'n’roll: Mapping street-level accessibility for different mobility conditions in Cuenca, Ecuador
Journal of Transport & Health ( IF 3.613 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-31 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jth.2020.100821
Daniel Orellana , María Elisa Bustos , Mateo Marín-Palacios , Natasha Cabrera-Jara , M. Augusta Hermida

Introduction

Approximately 66 million people with disabilities (PWD) live in Latin America and the Caribbean. Despite the important advances in regulations for social inclusion in this region, urban public spaces are not accessible to PWD. In this study, we assess street-level accessibility in the city of Cuenca (Ecuador) to examine the disparities for people with different mobility conditions.

Methods

We designed and implemented a mobile-based tool to audit street-level accessibility related to two key issues: the compliance level with the national standard for accessibility (NAMF) and the presence and characteristics of obstacles that hinder pedestrian mobility. A set of 214 street segments were audited by volunteers with different mobility conditions (unrestricted, restricted, or impaired). The collected data were analysed to compute accessibility indices (AIs) for each condition ranging from 0 (totally inaccessible) to 1 (totally accessible). AI values were examined to determine the differences among conditions.

Results

None of the 214 audited street segments fully complied with the NAMF. The AIs were: unrestricted mobility = 0.4, restricted mobility = 0.29, impaired mobility = 0.12. Eighty-three percent of the audited streets were perceived as highly inaccessible by wheelchair users, whereas for individuals with restricted or unrestricted mobility, the rates were 50% and 34%, respectively. Most streets were affected by obstacles that hindered mobility, with curb ramps and driveway ramps having the highest impact on accessibility.

Conclusion

The urban streets of Cuenca are highly inaccessible, mainly due to their flawed design and the presence of obstacles, creating excluding environments for people with mobility restrictions or impairments. National regulations are failing to tackle all the issues that hinder accessibility and must be revised. Cuenca, together with other intermediate cities in Latin America, must redesign their sidewalks and pedestrian facilities to allow universal accessibility.



中文翻译:

Walk'n'roll:映射厄瓜多尔昆卡市不同出行条件下的街道可达性

介绍

拉丁美洲和加勒比海地区约有6600万残疾人。尽管该地区的社会融合法规取得了重要进展,但残疾人士仍无法使用城市公共空间。在这项研究中,我们评估了昆卡市(厄瓜多尔)在街道一级的可达性,以研究不同出行条件下人们的差异。

方法

我们设计并实现了一种基于移动设备的工具,用于审核与两个关键问题相关的街道一级的可达性:对国家可达性标准(NAMF)的遵守程度以及阻碍行人活动的障碍物的存在和特征。一组214条街道段由流动条件不同(不受限制,受限制或有障碍)的志愿者审核。分析收集的数据以计算从0(完全不可访问)到1(完全可访问)的每种情况的可访问性指数(AI)。检查AI值以确定条件之间的差异。

结果

214个经过审计的街道段中没有一个完全符合NAMF。AI分别为:无限制移动性= 0.4,限制移动性= 0.29,移动性受损= 0.12。轮椅使用者认为有83%的经审计的街道高度无法通行,而行动不便或行动不便的人的使用率分别为50%和34%。大多数街道都受到阻碍行动力的障碍的影响,路缘坡道和车道坡道对通行性的影响最大。

结论

昆卡市的城市街道交通极为不便,这主要是由于其设计有缺陷以及障碍物的存在,从而为行动不便或有障碍的人们创造了排斥的环境。国家法规未能解决所有阻碍可及性的问题,必须对其进行修订。昆卡和拉丁美洲其他中间城市一起,必须重新设计人行道和步行设施,以实现普遍通行。

更新日期:2020-03-27
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