Abstract In many physical situations, especially in space, plasmas are found to have anisotropic power-law distributions, i.e., they can have one-dimensional Kappa distribution with high-energy tails in a preferred direction and a Maxwellian distribution perpendicular to it. In this work, we have used this distribution to study the Landau damping of electron-acoustic waves (EAWs) in the Kappa–Maxwellian plasma. A linear dispersion relation is derived, and the characteristics of the wave frequency and the Landau damping rate are studied by the influence of these energetic electrons. We show that the parameters such as the ratio of thermal speed in the Kappa distribution to that of the Maxwellian, the spectral index, and the ratio of cold to hot electron densities in the Kappa distribution significantly modify the propagation characteristics of EAWs.

中文翻译：

---

各向异性温度对 Kappa-Maxwellian 天体物理等离子体中朗道阻尼的影响

摘要 在许多物理情况下，尤其是在空间中，等离子体被发现具有各向异性的幂律分布，即它们可以具有一维Kappa 分布，在优选方向上具有高能尾，而Maxwellian 分布与其垂直。在这项工作中，我们使用该分布来研究 Kappa-Maxwellian 等离子体中电子声波 (EAW) 的朗道阻尼。推导出线性色散关系，并通过这些高能电子的影响研究波频特性和朗道阻尼率。我们表明，诸如 Kappa 分布中的热速度与麦克斯韦分布的热速度之比、光谱指数以及 Kappa 分布中冷热电子密度之比等参数显着改变了 EAW 的传播特性。