Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are released by cells from all kingdoms and represent one form of cell-cell interaction. This universal system of communication blurs cells type boundaries, offering an new avenue for pathogens to infect their hosts. EVs carry with them an arsenal of virulence factors that have been the focus of numerous studies. During the last years, the RNA content of EVs has also gained increasing attention, particularly in the context of infection. Secreted RNA in EVs (evRNA) from several bacterial pathogens have been characterised but the exact mechanisms promoting pathogenicity remain elusive. In this review, we evaluate the potential of such transcripts to directly interact with targets in infected cells and, by this, represent a novel angle of host cell manipulation during bacterial infection. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: RNA and gene control in bacteria edited by Dr. M. Guillier and F. Repoila.

中文翻译：

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细胞外囊泡中的细菌RNA：宿主-病原体相互作用的新调节剂？

来自所有王国的细胞释放细胞外囊泡（EVs），并代表细胞-细胞相互作用的一种形式。这种通用的通信系统模糊了细胞类型的界限，为病原体感染宿主提供了新途径。电动汽车带有毒力因子库，这已成为众多研究的重点。在最近几年中，电动汽车的RNA含量也越来越受到关注，特别是在感染的情况下。已经鉴定了几种细菌病原体在电动汽车中分泌的RNA（evRNA），但是促进致病性的确切机制仍然难以捉摸。在这篇综述中，我们评估了这种转录本与感染细胞中的靶标直接相互作用的潜力，并以此代表了细菌感染过程中宿主细胞操纵的一个新角度。