This study investigated the feasibility of using bio-sand filters for household water treatment as an option to improve drinking water quality at household level. Drinking water from hand-dug shallow wells (depth <10m) was analyzed for pH, turbidity, chloride, nitrates, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and faecal coliforms. Three laboratory pilot water plants each comprising of a 90 mm diameter and 800 mm deep plastic cylinder with three different combinations of filter media (BSF1, BSF2 and BSF3) were set up. BSF1 comprised of sand only, BSF2 contained sand and a 50 mm thick layer of iron and sand mixture and BSF3 comprised of sand and a 100 mm thick layer of iron and sand mixture. The filters were fed with 1.5 litres of well water daily and composite samples of influent and effluent were collected for analysis daily for four weeks. The average values of the parameters for the raw well water used for the pilot plants were 6.75 (pH), 32.5 NTU (turbidity), 126 mg/L (chloride), 15 mg/L (nitrates), 303 μS/cm (EC), 2.2 mg/L(DO) and 1521 cfu/100 mL (faecal coliforms). There were significant differences (p > 0.05) between influent and effluent parameters for all three filters. The concentration of iron in the effluent was less than 0.03 mg/L for all filters. After four weeks, the bacterial removal efficiencies were 94.8%, 99.2% and 99.5% for BSF1, BSF2 and BSF3, respectively. The bio-sand filters modified with iron and sand mixture (BSF2 and BSF3) had a higher efficiency in reducing bacteria compared to the sand only filter (BSF1). Chemical dosage will be required to further improve the water quality.

这项研究调查了使用生物砂滤池进行家庭水处理作为提高家庭饮用水质量的选择的可行性。分析了手挖浅井（深度<10m）中的饮用水的pH，浊度，氯化物，硝酸盐，电导率（EC），溶解氧（DO）和粪大肠菌群。建立了三个实验室中试水厂，每个工厂包括一个直径90毫米，深800毫米的塑料圆筒，以及三种不同组合的过滤介质（BSF1，BSF2和BSF3）。BSF1仅包含沙子，BSF2包含沙子和50毫米厚的铁砂混合物层，而BSF3包含沙子和100毫米厚的铁砂混合物层。过滤器中装有1。每天收集5升井水以及进水和出水的复合样品，每天进行分析，持续4周。中试厂使用的原井水的参数平均值为6.75（pH），32.5 NTU（浊度），126 mg / L（氯化物），15 mg / L（硝酸盐），303μS/ cm（EC ），2.2 mg / L（DO）和1521 cfu / 100 mL（粪大肠菌）。对于所有三个过滤器，进水和出水参数之间存在显着差异（p> 0.05）。对于所有过滤器，废水中的铁浓度均小于0.03 mg / L。4周后，BSF1，BSF2和BSF3的细菌去除效率分别为94.8％，99.2％和99.5％。与仅使用沙子的过滤器（BSF1）相比，用铁和沙子的混合物（BSF2和BSF3）改性的生物沙子过滤器在减少细菌方面具有更高的效率。