The groundwater of Telangana province is well known for its very high fluoride concentration. The main aim of this review is to assess the fluoride contamination, understand the spatial distribution pattern and also evaluate the potential human health risk for adults and children in the Telangana. Fluoride contamination in groundwater is the principal threat to public health in Telangana state in India. It is observed that the mean fluoride concentration in groundwater of ten districts in Telangana showed a decreasing trend: Nalgonda > Warangal > Ranga Reddy > Adilabad > Medak > Khammam > Karimnagar>Hyderabad > Mahabubnagar > Nizamabad. The high fluoride concentration is observed in Nalgonda where the mean fluoride is 5.76 times higher than the recommended limit of 1.5 mg/L for drinking purposes. The fluoride concentration in groundwater derives mainly from the weathering and dissolutions of fluoride bearing minerals. Nalgonda region, the hazard quotient (HQ_Fluoride) for adults and children ranged from 0.79 to 6.54 and 1.07 to 8.84 with an average of 3.01 and 4.07, respectively. In Warangal region, the non-carcinogenic health risk in terms of HQ_Fluoride was found in the range of 0.77 to 2.63 and 1.04 to 3.55 with a mean of 1.46 and 1.97 for adults and children, respectively. Furthermore, children are at highly prone to health risk when compared to adults in the Telangana. Therefore, special care and pure drinking water should be supplied to the rural regions of Telangana.

Telangana省的地下水以氟化物浓度很高而闻名。这次审查的主要目的是评估氟化物污染，了解空间分布模式，并评估特兰甘纳邦成人和儿童的潜在人类健康风险。地下水中的氟化物污染是印度特兰甘纳州公共健康的主要威胁。可以观察到，Telangana十个地区的地下水平均氟化物浓度呈下降趋势：Nalgonda> Warangal> Ranga Reddy> Adilabad> Medak> Khammam> Karimnagar> Hyderabad> Mahabubnagar> Nizamabad。在纳尔贡达（Nalgonda）观察到较高的氟化物浓度，该区域的平均氟化物含量比建议的饮用限量1.5 mg / L高5.76倍。地下水中的氟化物浓度主要来自风化和含氟矿物的溶解。纳尔贡达地区，危险商（总部）成人和儿童的_氟化物范围从0.79至6.54和1.07至8.84，平均分别为3.01和4.07。在Warangal地区，发现以HQ_氟化物计的非致癌健康风险范围为0.77至2.63和1.04至3.55，成人和儿童的平均值分别为1.46和1.97。此外，与Telangana的成年人相比，儿童极有健康风险。因此，应向特兰甘纳邦的农村地区提供特殊护理和纯净饮用水。