In this paper, we give an overview of changes in area, length, surface elevation and mass balance of glaciers in mainland Norway since the 1960s. Frontal advances have been recorded in all regions except the northernmost glaciers in Troms and Finnmark (Storsteinsfjellbreen, Lyngen and Langfjordjøkelen). More than half of the observed glaciers, 27 of 49, had marked advances in the 1990s. The glaciological mass-balance values for the period 1962–2018, where 43 glaciers have been measured, show great inter-annual variability. The results reveal accelerated deficit since 2000, the most negative decade being 2001–2010. Some years with a positive mass balance (or less negative) after 2010s can be attributed to variations in large-scale atmospheric circulation. A surface elevation change and geodetic mass balance were calculated for a sample of 131 glaciers covering 817 km2 in the ‘1960s’ and 734 km2 in the ‘2010s’, giving an area reduction of 84 km2, or 10%. The sample covers many of the largest glaciers in Norway, and they had an overall change in surface elevation of −15.5 m for the ~50 year period. Converted to a geodetic mass balance this gives a mean mass balance of −0.27 ± 0.05 m w.e. a−1.

中文翻译：

---

自 1960 年代以来挪威的冰川变化——质量平衡、面积、长度和地表高程变化概述

在本文中，我们概述了自 1960 年代以来挪威大陆冰川的面积、长度、地表海拔和质量平衡的变化。除特罗姆斯和芬马克最北端的冰川（Storsteinsfjellbreen、Lyngen 和 Langfjordjøkelen）外，所有地区都记录了锋面进展。超过一半的观测冰川，49 个中的 27 个，在 1990 年代取得了显着进展。1962 年至 2018 年期间的冰川质量平衡值（已测量 43 条冰川）显示出巨大的年际变化。结果显示自 2000 年以来赤字加速增长，最负的十年是 2001-2010 年。2010 年代之后质量平衡为正（或负较少）的一些年份可归因于大尺度大气环流的变化。2在 '1960' 和 734 公里2在“2010 年代”，面积减少了 84 平方公里2，或 10%。该样本涵盖了挪威许多最大的冰川，在约 50 年期间，它们的表面高程总体变化为 -15.5 m。转换为大地质量平衡，得到的平均质量平衡为 -0.27 ± 0.05 m we a-1.