Protein and DNA have been considered as the major components of chromatin. But beyond that, an increasing number of studies show that RNA occupies a large amount of chromatin and acts as a regulator of nuclear architecture. A significant fraction of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) prefers to stay in the nucleus and cooperate with protein complexes to modulate epigenetic regulation, phase separation, compartment formation, and nuclear organization. An RNA strand also can invade into double-stranded DNA to form RNA:DNA hybrids (R-loops) in living cells, contributing to the regulation of gene expression and genomic instability. In this review, we discuss how nuclear lncRNAs orchestrate cellular processes through their interactions with proteins and DNA and summarize the recent genome-wide techniques to study the functions of lncRNAs by revealing their interactomes in vivo.

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核lncRNA的功能和特性-来自系统地绘制lncRNA的相互作用组的图谱。

蛋白质和DNA被认为是染色质的主要成分。但是除此之外，越来越多的研究表明，RNA占据了大量的染色质，并起着核结构调节剂的作用。很大一部分长的非编码RNA（lncRNA）倾向于留在细胞核中，并与蛋白质复合物配合以调节表观遗传调控，相分离，区室形成和核组织。RNA链也可以侵入双链DNA中，从而在活细胞中形成RNA：DNA杂种（R环），有助于调节基因表达和基因组不稳定。在这篇评论中