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After a catastrophe, a little bit of sex is better than nothing: Genetic consequences of a major earthquake on asexual and sexual populations.
Evolutionary Applications ( IF 4.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-22 , DOI: 10.1111/eva.12967
Ronan Becheler 1, 2 , Marie-Laure Guillemin 2, 3 , Solenn Stoeckel 4 , Stéphane Mauger 2 , Alice Saunier 2, 3 , Antonio Brante 5, 6 , Christophe Destombe 2 , Myriam Valero 2
Affiliation  

Catastrophic events can have profound effects on the demography of a population and consequently on genetic diversity. The dynamics of postcatastrophic recovery and the role of sexual versus asexual reproduction in buffering the effects of massive perturbations remain poorly understood, in part because the opportunity to document genetic diversity before and after such events is rare. Six natural (purely sexual) and seven cultivated (mainly clonal due to farming practices) populations of the red alga Agarophyton chilense were surveyed along the Chilean coast before, in the days after and 2 years after the 8.8 magnitude earthquake in 2010. The genetic diversity of sexual populations appeared sensitive to this massive perturbation, notably through the loss of rare alleles immediately after the earthquake. By 2012, the levels of diversity returned to those observed before the catastrophe, probably due to migration. In contrast, enhanced rates of clonality in cultivated populations conferred a surprising ability to buffer the instantaneous loss of diversity. After the earthquake, farmers increased the already high rate of clonality to maintain the few surviving beds, but most of them collapsed rapidly. Contrasting fates between sexual and clonal populations suggest that betting on strict clonality to sustain production is risky, probably because this extreme strategy hampered adaptation to the brutal environmental perturbation induced by the catastrophe.

中文翻译:

灾难过后,有一点性行为总比没有好:大地震对无性和有性人群的遗传影响。

灾难性事件可能对人口的人口统计学产生深远的影响,从而对遗传多样性产生深远的影响。灾难后恢复的动态以及有性繁殖与无性繁殖在缓冲大规模扰动影响中的作用仍然知之甚少,部分原因是记录此类事件前后遗传多样性的机会很少。在 2010 年 8.8 级地震之前、之后几天和之后两年,对智利海岸红藻Agarophyton chilense的 6 个自然种群(纯有性种群)和 7 个人工养殖种群(主要是由于耕作方式而无性系)进行了调查。遗传多样性的有性群体似乎对这种巨大的扰动很敏感,特别是在地震后立即失去了稀有等位基因。到 2012 年,多样性水平恢复到灾难之前的水平,这可能是由于迁徙所致。相比之下,栽培种群克隆率的提高赋予了令人惊讶的缓冲多样性瞬时丧失的能力。地震发生后,农民们提高了本已很高的克隆率,以维持少数幸存的床位,但大多数床位迅速倒塌。有性种群和克隆种群之间的命运对比表明,押注于严格的克隆性来维持生产是有风险的,可能是因为这种极端策略阻碍了对灾难引起的残酷环境扰动的适应。
更新日期:2020-04-22
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