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Concentrations and Loads of Dissolved and Particulate Organic Carbon in Urban Stormwater Runoff
Water ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-04 , DOI: 10.3390/w12041031
Stefan Kalev , Gurpal S. Toor

Urban landscapes are significant contributors of organic carbon (OC) in receiving waters, where elevated levels of OC limit the light availability, increase the transport of pollutants, and result in high costs of potable water treatment. Our objective in this study was to investigate the concentrations, fractions (dissolved and particulate), and loads of OC in a residential catchment (3.89 ha drainage area) located in Florida, United States. The outlet of the stormwater pipe draining the residential catchment was instrumented with an automated sampler, a flowmeter, and a rain gauge. The rainfall and runoff samples collected over 25 storm events during the 2016 wet season (June to September) were analyzed for dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and total organic carbon (TOC), with particulate OC (POC) calculated as the difference between TOC and DOC. Mean concentration of DOC was 2.3 ± 1.7 mg L−1 and POC was 0.3 ± 0.3 mg L−1 in the rainfall, whereas DOC was 10.5 ± 6.20 mg L−1 and POC was 2.00 ± 4.05 mg L−1 in the stormwater runoff. Concentrations of DOC were higher during the rising limb of the hydrograph in 15 out of 25 storm events, suggesting flushing of DOC, with an increase in the amount of runoff, from the landscape sources in the residential catchment. The estimated total export of OC during the 2016 wet season was 66.0 kg ha−1, of which DOC was 56.9 kg ha−1 (86.2% of TOC), and POC was 9.1 kg ha−1 (13.8% of TOC). High concentrations and loads of OC, especially DOC, in the stormwater runoff imply that residential catchments in urban watersheds are hot-spots of DOC influx to water bodies. Reducing DOC transport in the urban landscapes is complex and require identifying the origin of DOC and then using site-specific targeted approaches to mitigate DOC loss.

中文翻译:

城市雨水径流中溶解和颗粒有机碳的浓度和负荷

城市景观是受纳水域有机碳 (OC) 的重要贡献者,其中 OC 水平升高会限制光照,增加污染物的传输,并导致饮用水处理成本高昂。我们在本研究中的目标是调查位于美国佛罗里达州的住宅集水区(3.89 公顷流域)中 OC 的浓度、分数(溶解和微粒)和负荷。排水住宅集水区的雨水管的出口装有自动采样器、流量计和雨量计。对 2016 年雨季(6 月至 9 月)期间超过 25 次暴雨事件收集的降雨和径流样本进行了溶解有机碳 (DOC) 和总有机碳 (TOC) 分析,颗粒 OC (POC) 计算为 TOC 和文件。降雨中 DOC 的平均浓度为 2.3 ± 1.7 mg L-1,POC 为 0.3 ± 0.3 mg L-1,而雨水径流中的 DOC 为 10.5 ± 6.20 mg L-1,POC 为 2.00 ± 4.05 mg L-1 . 在 25 次风暴事件中的 15 次中,水文过程线上升段的 DOC 浓度较高,这表明来自住宅集水区景观源的 DOC 冲刷,径流量增加。2016 年雨季 OC 的估计总出口量为 66.0 kg ha-1,其中 DOC 为 56.9 kg ha-1(TOC 的 86.2%),POC 为 9.1 kg ha-1(TOC 的 13.8%)。雨水径流中高浓度和负荷的 OC,尤其是 DOC,意味着城市流域的住宅集水区是 DOC 流入水体的热点。
更新日期:2020-04-04
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