Abstract Bio-carbon derived from agricultural waste is promising as electrode material of supercapacitor. However, it is still challenging to obtain excellent capacitance from raw biomass with an inherently dense and hard structure. In this work, a facile and scalable route is developed to fabricate N-doped hierarchical porous bio-carbon from cherry stones (CSs). Through the pretreatment of lignin dissolution-reprecipitation, the dense CSs were successfully transformed into porous precursor. With the promotion of mass transfer inside the material, the as-obtained carbon can be well-manipulated by N-doping and molten salt activation. A hierarchical and porous structure was formed in the bio-carbon with a specific surface area of up to 1681 m2 g−1. The material possessed an excellent specific capacitance of 370.5 F g−1 in 6 M KOH at a current density of 0.5 A g−1 and a prominent rate performance with a capacitance remaining 225.1 F g−1 at 20.0 A g−1. After 5000 cycles, an initial capacitance of 99.1% was maintained. All the results ensured that the bio-carbon derived from CSs could serve as renewable, low-cost and high-performance electrode materials for supercapacitors, and the proposed pretreatment method could effectively enhance energy storage capability of biomass-derived activated carbon.

中文翻译：

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具有优异电容的樱桃核多孔生物质碳材料的木质素溶解-沉淀策略

摘要 农业废弃物生物质碳作为超级电容器的电极材料具有广阔的应用前景。然而，从具有固有致密和坚硬结构的原始生物质中获得优异的电容仍然具有挑战性。在这项工作中，开发了一种简便且可扩展的路线，以从樱桃核 (CS) 制造 N 掺杂的分级多孔生物碳。通过木质素溶解-再沉淀的预处理，致密的 CSs 成功转化为多孔前驱体。随着材料内部传质的促进，所获得的碳可以通过 N 掺杂和熔盐活化来很好地控制。生物碳中形成了分层多孔结构，比表面积高达 1681 m2 g-1。该材料具有 370 的优异比电容。5 F g-1 在 6 M KOH 中，电流密度为 0.5 A g-1，具有突出的倍率性能，电容在 20.0 A g-1 时保持为 225.1 F g-1。5000 次循环后，初始电容保持在 99.1%。所有这些结果都确保了由 CSs 衍生的生物碳可以作为可再生、低成本和高性能的超级电容器电极材料，并且所提出的预处理方法可以有效提高生物质衍生活性炭的储能能力。