Citrinin (CTN) is a secondary fungal metabolite produced by several species of Aspergillins and Penicillins, and it is widely found in vegetable-derived foods such as cereals and fermented rice-based food supplements. Previous studies indicated that CTN had immunotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and reproductive toxicity, which caused severe effects on human and animal health. However, the potential toxicity of CTN on the organelles of mouse oocytes is still unclear. In this study, we showed that the exposure to 30 μM CTN significantly reduced the developmental capacity of mouse oocytes. Our results revealed that mitochondria exhibited abnormal distribution and mitochondrial membrane potential decreased under CTN exposure. And the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) failed to accumulate to the spindle periphery, which is accompanied by the occurrence of ER stress, showing with increased GRP78 expression. We also found that similar with ER, the Golgi apparatus showed homogenous localization pattern after CTN exposure, and the vesicle transport was disturbed, showing with aberrant expression and localization of Rab11a. Moreover, our results indicated that CTN exposure increased the expression of LAMP2, indicating the induction of lysosomal damage. In summary, our study showed that CTN exposure to mouse oocytes was toxic to the distribution and functions of organelles, which further led to a decrease of oocyte quality.

中文翻译：

---

Citrinin暴露会破坏小鼠卵母细胞中的细胞器分布和功能。

Citrinin（CTN）是由几种曲霉菌和青霉素产生的次级真菌代谢产物，广泛存在于以蔬菜为基础的食品中，例如谷类食品和以大米为基础的发酵食品。先前的研究表明，CTN具有免疫毒性，肝毒性，肾毒性和生殖毒性，对人类和动物健康造成严重影响。然而，尚不清楚CTN对小鼠卵母细胞细胞器的潜在毒性。在这项研究中，我们表明暴露于30μMCTN会显着降低小鼠卵母细胞的发育能力。我们的结果显示，在CTN暴露下，线粒体表现出异常的分布，线粒体膜电位降低。内质网（ER）未能积累到纺锤体周围，伴随着ER应激的发生，表明GRP78表达增加。我们还发现，与ER相似，高尔基体在CTN暴露后显示出均一的定位模式，并且囊泡运输受到干扰，表现出Rab11a的异常表达和定位。此外，我们的结果表明，CTN暴露会增加LAMP2的表达，表明诱导了溶酶体损伤。总而言之，我们的研究表明CTN暴露于小鼠卵母细胞对细胞器的分布和功能有毒，这进一步导致卵母细胞质量下降。显示Rab11a的异常表达和定位。此外，我们的结果表明，CTN暴露会增加LAMP2的表达，表明诱导了溶酶体损伤。总而言之，我们的研究表明CTN暴露于小鼠卵母细胞对细胞器的分布和功能有毒，这进一步导致卵母细胞质量下降。显示Rab11a的异常表达和定位。此外，我们的结果表明，CTN暴露会增加LAMP2的表达，表明诱导了溶酶体损伤。总而言之，我们的研究表明CTN暴露于小鼠卵母细胞对细胞器的分布和功能有毒，这进一步导致卵母细胞质量下降。